川西高原森林昆虫种类多样性垂直分布研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 05:14

本文关键词： 高原森林森林昆虫物种多样性垂直分布　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为研究森林昆虫多样性的垂直分布及其与森林健康的关系,本研究以四川西部高原森林为研究对象,对不同海拔高度的森林昆虫群落结构进行研究。取得主要结果如下:1、对川西高原不同海拔森林中的植物种类、昆虫种类及其与海拔的相关性进行了分析,结果表明随着海拔升高植物种类丰富度下降,其中草本植物种类丰富度下降与海拔升高存在显著的相关性(r=0.97),木本植物种类丰富度下降与海拔升高存在较高的相关性(r=0.93)。而随着海拔升高,昆虫种类数量下降,二者之间存在高度相关性。特别是灯诱昆虫数量随海拔升高而显著下降,相关性系数r=0.96。其中鳞翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目三目昆虫种类丰富度随着海拔升高明显下降,其中鳞翅目昆虫种类丰富度下降与海拔升高之间存在显著相关性(r=0.95)。2、对川西高原不同海拔水平原始林和人工林的植物种类、昆虫种类数量进行了分析,结果表明:人工林植被相对单一,人工林在不同海拔高度,其植物种类数量无论木本还是草本均低于原始林;特别是人工林木本植物的种类数量,在不同海拔均极显著低于原始林。人工林中昆虫种类数量总体较原始林少。在海拔2900米以上林区,人工林昆虫种类数量显著低于原始林。其中鳞翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目三类昆虫,人工林中种类数量总体较原始林少。其中,鳞翅目种类数量在不同海拔层人工林均显著低于原始林,海拔3500米以上,鳞翅目种类数量极为显著低于原始林。鞘翅目种类在不同海拔,人工林种类数量均显著低于原始林。但膜翅目昆虫种类,在不同海拔人工林与原始林无显著差异。3、对不同海拔的植物种类丰富度、昆虫种类丰富度与森林健康水平之间的关系进行了分析,结果表明:原始林森林健康水平与森林的海拔梯度无直接关系,二者之间无明显相关性。人工林森林健康水平与森林的海拔梯度存在中度的相关性(r=0.73),但未达到显著性水平。在人工林中,不同海拔的森林健康水平与植物种类数量存在中度相关性(r=0.79),同时,与昆虫种类数量也存在中度相关性(r=0.62);但在原始林中不存在明显的相关性。
[Abstract]:In order to study the vertical distribution of forest insect diversity and its relationship with forest health, the forest in western Sichuan Plateau was studied. The structure of forest insect community at different elevations was studied. The main results were as follows: 1. The plant species, insect species and their correlation with altitude in the forests at different elevations in western Sichuan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that the richness of plant species decreased with the increase of altitude. There was a significant correlation between the decrease of species richness of herbaceous plants and the increase of altitude. There was a high correlation between the decline of species richness of woody plants and the increase of altitude. However, with the increase of altitude, the number of insect species decreased. There was a high correlation between them, especially the number of insects decreased significantly with the increase of altitude, and the correlation coefficient was 0.96. The species richness of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera decreased significantly with the increase of altitude, and the species richness of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera decreased with the increase of altitude. There was a significant correlation between the decrease of Lepidoptera species richness and elevation. The plant species and insect species of primitive forest and artificial forest at different elevation levels in western Sichuan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that the vegetation of artificial forest was relatively single, and the number of plant species of plantation was lower than that of primitive forest at different altitude, especially the number of woody plant in artificial forest. The number of insect species in artificial forest is lower than that in primitive forest, and in the forest area above 2900 meters above sea level, the number of insect species in artificial forest is significantly lower than that in primitive forest, including Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. The number of species in the artificial forest was less than that in the primitive forest, and the number of Lepidoptera species was significantly lower than that in the primitive forest at different altitudes, and the altitude was more than 3500 meters. The number of Lepidoptera species was significantly lower than that of primitive forest. The species of Coleoptera was significantly lower than that of primitive forest at different elevations, but the species of Hymenoptera insects was significantly lower than that of primitive forest. There was no significant difference between plantations and primitive forests at different elevations. The relationship between plant species richness, insect species richness and forest health level at different elevations was analyzed. The results showed that there was no direct relationship between forest health level and forest elevation gradient. There was no significant correlation between them. There was a moderate correlation between the forest health level and the elevation gradient of the forest, but it did not reach the significant level. There was a moderate correlation between forest health level at different elevations and the number of plant species, and there was also a moderate correlation with the number of insect species, but there was no obvious correlation in the original forest.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S718.7

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