黄土高原生态退耕的时空分异特征

发布时间：2018-02-14 06:54

本文关键词： 生态退耕时空分异黄土高原延安市　出处：《地球信息科学学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：生态退耕是调整陆地生态系统结构与功能以应对土地利用过度干扰的重要途径之一,因此科学掌握退耕格局与耕地格局演变对黄土高原生态环境治理与生态修复具有深远意义。本文以位于黄土高原的延安市为典型区,从生态退耕的整体特征、地形因素及区域差异等角度,探究生态退耕以来其耕地变化及退耕状况的空间分异特征。结果表明:生态退耕致使延安市耕地面积由2000年的11 752.80 km2减少为2013年的9149.93 km2,退耕面积为2756.85 km2,退耕指数为22.15%,且退耕耕地主要转化为林地、草地,占退耕面积的95.29%;耕地与退耕面积主要分布于6~15°、15~25°坡度及第II级(925~1115 m)、第III级(1115~1275 m),且2005-2013年的生态退耕速率均高于2000-2005年的生态退耕速率;县域退耕面积及退耕程度均呈现由北向南依次递减的分异特征,而退耕重心与耕地重心均在延安市几何中心以北的安塞县与宝塔区边界,且生态退耕的重心由东北向西南方向迁移,耕地重心则由北向南迁移。本文通过对延安市生态退耕的时空分异特征分析可为黄土高原更加科学合理地推进生态保育与生态文明建设提供参考。
[Abstract]:Ecological conversion of farmland is one of the important ways to adjust the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystem to cope with the excessive disturbance of land use. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand scientifically the pattern of returning farmland and the evolution of pattern of cultivated land for the ecological environment control and ecological restoration of the Loess Plateau. This paper takes Yan'an City, located on the Loess Plateau, as a typical area, from the overall characteristics of ecological conversion of farmland. Terrain factors and regional differences, The change of cultivated land and the spatial differentiation of cultivated land status since ecological conversion were investigated. The results showed that the cultivated land area of Yanan city was reduced from 11 752.80 km2 on 2000 to 9149.93 km2 on 2013, and the conversion area was 2 756.85 km 2, and the conversion index was 2756.85 km ~ 2. The result showed that the cultivated land area was reduced from 11 752.80 km2 in 2000 to 9 149.93 km ~ 2 in 2013. It is 22.15, and the conversion of cultivated land to woodland, Grassland, accounting for 95.29% of the conversion area, was mainly distributed in the slope of 6 ~ 15 掳~ 1525 掳, grade II ~ 925 ~ 1115 ~ (-1) m ~ (-1), III ~ (11) 15 ~ 1 275 m ~ (-1) m ~ (-1), and the rate of ecological conversion from 2005 to 2013 was higher than that from 2000 to 2005. The area and degree of returning cultivated land in county area decreased from north to south, and the center of gravity of returning farmland and the center of gravity of cultivated land were both located at the boundary between Ansai County and Baota area north of geometric center of Yan'an. And the center of gravity of ecological conversion from northeast to southwest, The center of gravity of cultivated land is shifted from north to south. The analysis of temporal and spatial differentiation characteristics of ecological conversion in Yan'an City can provide a reference for more scientific and reasonable promotion of ecological conservation and ecological civilization construction on the Loess Plateau.
【作者单位】：东北农业大学资源与环境学院;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;
【基金】：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目“空心村快速调查识别与整治关键技术研究”(2014BAL01B01)
【分类号】：F323.211

【相似文献】