强还原处理改良西瓜连作土壤

发布时间：2018-02-23 21:14

本文关键词： 强还原土壤灭菌连作障碍有机物料　出处：《浙江农业学报》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：采用强还原土壤灭菌法(reductive soil disinfestation,RSD),对西瓜连作土壤分别添加稻草、氨水、乙酸、酒精及其不同组合,加水密封处理,通过盆栽试验对RSD处理效果进行验证。试验结果表明,强还原处理西瓜连作土壤,可调节土壤p H值和电导率(EC),除添加乙酸的土样p H值显著(P0.05)低于对照土样p H值外,其他处理样品p H值均高于对照,各处理土样Ec值均较对照有不同程度地升高。各处理对土壤可培养微生物中的细菌含量影响不显著(P0.05),而对真菌、放线菌和尖孢镰刀菌影响较大,尤其是添加氨水、乙酸及氨水、乙酸与稻草的组合处理土样中均未检测出真菌、放线菌和尖孢镰刀菌。盆栽试验结果表明,各处理组西瓜死亡株数和死亡率均较对照组低(其中有3组死亡率为0,2组死亡率不到7%,而对照组死亡率高达43.3%);各处理组的西瓜长势均好于对照,西瓜产量亦高于对照,有3组西瓜产量与对照差异达显著(P0.05)水平。总体来看,RSD能有效抑制尖孢镰刀菌,调节土壤微生物组成和结构,改良西瓜连作土壤,防治西瓜连作障碍。
[Abstract]:Using strong reduction soil sterilization method, reducing soil disinfestation was used to add straw, ammonia water, acetic acid, alcohol and different combinations to watermelon continuous cropping soil, and then sealed with water. The effect of RSD treatment was verified by pot experiment. The pH and electrical conductivity of watermelon continuous cropping soil could be adjusted by strong reduction treatment, except that the pH value of soil sample added acetic acid was significantly lower than that of control soil sample (P0.05), the pH value of other treatments was higher than that of control soil sample, except that the pH value of soil sample added acetic acid was significantly lower than that of control soil sample. The EC values of soil samples of each treatment increased to some extent than that of the control. The effect of each treatment on the bacterial content in soil culturable microorganisms was not significant (P 0.05), but on fungi, actinomycetes and Fusarium oxysporum, especially the addition of ammonia water, acetic acid and ammonia water. No fungi, actinomycetes and Fusarium oxysporum were detected in soil samples treated with acetic acid and straw. The number of dead plants and death rate of watermelon in each treatment group were lower than that in the control group (among them, the mortality rate of the three groups was less than 7%, while the mortality rate of the control group was as high as 43.3%), and the watermelon growth of each treatment group was better than that of the control group, and the watermelon yield was also higher than that of the control group. In general, RSD could effectively inhibit Fusarium oxysporum, regulate soil microbial composition and structure, improve watermelon continuous cropping soil and control watermelon continuous cropping obstacles.
【作者单位】：蚌埠学院环境科学实验中心;南京师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：安徽省级质量工程项目(2015zy068) 蚌埠学院优秀人才计划项目([2014]182) 安徽省振兴计划项目(2014zdjy137) 安徽省大学生创新创业计划项目(201611305073)
【分类号】：S156;S651

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