不同灌溉方式下设施土壤硝态氮的积累特征及其环境影响

发布时间：2018-02-26 16:54

本文关键词： 设施土壤灌溉方式硝态氮积累土壤pH　出处：《农业环境科学学报》2017年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以不同灌溉方式下设施土壤及番茄为研究对象,采用田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法,对连年采用沟灌、滴灌和渗灌灌溉方式的设施土壤硝态氮、全盐含量、pH及番茄果实硝酸盐含量、水分生产效率进行了研究。结果表明:三种灌溉方式土壤硝态氮、全盐含量均呈现出明显的表聚现象,0~20 cm土层范围内,滴灌处理硝态氮含量和全盐含量明显低于沟灌和渗灌处理;不同灌溉方式土壤的pH值均随着土层加深而升高,在0~30 cm土层范围,土壤pH值滴灌高于沟灌,沟灌高于渗灌。沟灌和渗灌番茄果实硝酸盐含量显著高于滴灌,沟灌和渗灌番茄果实硝酸盐含量差异不显著;渗灌和滴灌水分生产效率明显高于沟灌。土壤硝态氮含量与土壤pH值呈极显著负相关,与全盐含量呈极显著正相关。总之,设施土壤硝态氮积累与土壤全盐含量、pH值、番茄果实硝酸盐含量关系密切;与沟灌和渗灌相比,滴灌更有利于抑制土壤退化。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the greenhouse soil and tomato under different irrigation methods were used as the research objects, and the nitrate nitrogen of the facility soil was studied by the combination of field experiment and indoor analysis, and the irrigation methods of furrow irrigation, drip irrigation and infiltration irrigation were used in successive years. The total salt content (pH), nitrate content of tomato fruit and water production efficiency were studied. The results showed that the soil nitrate nitrogen and total salt content of three irrigation methods showed apparent superaggregation within 20 cm soil layer. The content of nitrate nitrogen and total salt in drip irrigation treatment was significantly lower than that in furrow irrigation and infiltration irrigation, and the pH value of different irrigation methods increased with the deepening of soil layer, and the soil pH value of drip irrigation was higher than that of furrow irrigation in 0 ~ 30 cm soil layer. The nitrate content of furrow irrigation and infiltration irrigation tomato fruit was significantly higher than that of drip irrigation, but there was no significant difference between ditch irrigation and infiltration irrigation tomato fruit nitrate content. The water production efficiency of infiltration irrigation and drip irrigation was significantly higher than that of furrow irrigation. The soil nitrate content was negatively correlated with soil pH value and positively correlated with total salt content. Compared with furrow irrigation and infiltration irrigation, drip irrigation was more favorable to restrain soil degradation.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41501306) 国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD23B01) 辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2014027013) 辽宁省教育厅项目(L2015474)~~
【分类号】：S153;S275

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