四川省单季稻高低温致灾因子危险性分析

发布时间：2018-02-27 17:37

本文关键词： 单季稻高温和低温致灾因子危险性四川省　出处：《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：开展单季稻高低温致灾因子危险性分析,可为四川省单季稻生产防灾减灾提供理论支持.基于1981年-2012年四川省26个气象台站单季稻观测资料和逐日气象资料,利用水稻高、低温灾害指标,从灾害发生频率、次数和强度等方面定量分析了四川省单季稻生育期内高温和低温致灾因子的危险性.结果表明:1981年-2012年四川省单季稻秧田期低温和灌浆结实期高温的发生频率较高,大部地区超过60%;秧田期低温和灌浆结实期高温的发生次数较多,大部地区在26~50次;秧田期低温和灌浆结实期高温的发生强度较高,大部地区分别为4~12天/次和6~9天/次.近30年来,四川省单季稻秧田期的低温发生次数和强度呈减少趋势;开花期高温发生次数基本不变,发生强度呈现降低趋势;灌浆结实期高温发生次数和强度呈增加趋势.四川省不同区域和不同生育阶段单季稻高温和低温致灾因子的危险性存在差异,需要因地制宜地应对气象灾害带来的不利影响,保障单季稻的安全生产.
[Abstract]:Risk analysis of high and low temperature hazard factors of single cropping rice can provide theoretical support for disaster prevention and mitigation of single cropping rice production in Sichuan Province. Based on the observation data and daily meteorological data from 26 meteorological stations in Sichuan Province from 1981 to 2012, the rice height is utilized. Low temperature disaster index, from disaster frequency, The risk of high temperature and low temperature disaster factors during the growth period of Sichuan single cropping rice was quantitatively analyzed in terms of frequency and intensity. The results showed that the occurrence frequency of low temperature and high temperature in grain filling stage of Sichuan single cropping rice was higher from 1981 to 2012. In most areas, the occurrence times of low temperature and high temperature during filling and fruiting period are more than 60, and 2650 times in most areas, and the intensity of occurrence of low temperature and high temperature in filling stage is higher in most areas. In the last 30 years, the occurrence frequency and intensity of low temperature in Sichuan single cropping rice seedling stage showed a decreasing trend, but the occurrence frequency of high temperature in flowering stage was basically unchanged, and the occurrence intensity showed a decreasing trend. The frequency and intensity of high temperature in grain filling and fruiting stage are increasing. The risk of high temperature and low temperature disaster factors of single cropping rice in different regions and different growing stages of Sichuan Province are different, so it is necessary to deal with the adverse effects of meteorological disasters according to local conditions. To ensure the safe production of single cropping rice.
【作者单位】：中国气象局成都高原气象研究所/高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室;四川省气候中心;南方丘区节水农业研究四川省重点实验室;
【基金】：中国气象局西南区域重大科研业务项目(2014-08);中国气象局成都高原气象研究所基本科研费业务项目(BROP201513) 四川省气象局科学技术研究开发课题(2015-开发-16) 国家重点基础研究计划(973计划)(2013CB430205)
【分类号】：S42;S511.41

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