吉林蛟河不同演替阶段针阔混交林凋落物持水特性研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 13:30

本文关键词： 森林演替凋落物水文特性针阔混交林吉林蛟河　出处：《南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)》2016年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：凋落物层是森林土壤不可缺少的保护层,在森林水土保持及水源涵养中起着不可替代的作用。为探究中国东北东部山地不同演替阶段针阔混交林凋落物持水特性的变化规律,以及持水特性与演替阶段之间的关系,以吉林省蛟河市林业实验区管理局林场不同演替阶段针阔混交林凋落物为研究对象,分别在中龄林、近熟林和成熟林固定监测样地中采用蛇形取样法均匀地选择5个边长为20 cm的正方形样方,并将每个样方内的未分解层和半分解层的凋落物取回实验室进行持水特性分析。采用室内浸水法计算凋落物的蓄积量、持水量、持水率以及凋落物的有效拦蓄量,并结合野外观测数据分析林下凋落物的持水特性与演替阶段之间的关系。结果表明:不同演替阶段凋落物的总蓄积量为成熟林(7.26 t/hm~2)近熟林(4.56 t/hm~2)中龄林(3.68 t/hm~2),持水量大小为成熟林(21.23 t/hm~2)近熟林(35.24 t/hm~2)中龄林(47.71 t/hm~2),持水率大小为成熟林(844.72%)近熟林(742.58%)中龄林(592.02%),有效拦蓄量为成熟林(31.32 t/hm~2)近熟林(20.52 t/hm~2)中龄林(11.98 t/hm~2)。林分各演替阶段不同分解程度的凋落物持水量与持水率均随着浸水时间的增加呈对数关系增长,吸水速率则随浸水时间的增加呈幂指数关系下降。研究表明,成熟林的持水性能最强,近熟林、中龄林持水性能依次减弱。不同演替阶段林分最大持水量、最大持水率与蓄积量大小排序一致,表明持水量、持水率与蓄积量有很强的相关关系,蓄积量越大,凋落物持水量、持水率越高,森林凋落物持水能力越强。
[Abstract]:The litter layer is a protective layer of forest soil indispensable, plays an irreplaceable role in forest soil and water conservation and water conservation. To explore the changes of Chinese in eastern mountain area of Northeast China in different successional stages of coniferous forest litter water holding characteristics, and the relationship between water holding characteristics and succession stage, the forestry management of experimentation area Jiaohe City, Jilin Province Forestry Bureau in different successional stages of conifer litter as the research object, respectively, in the forest, uniformly choose 5 square quadrat length is 20 cm by serpentine sampling near mature forest and mature forest monitoring plots, and within each quadrat without litter decomposition to retrieve laboratory and semi decomposition layer of water holding characteristics. The calculation method of indoor water litter accumulation, water holding capacity, water holding rate and the remaining litter amount, and combined with field observation data points Analysis of forest litter water holding characteristics and the relationship between successional stages. The results showed that the total volume of litter in different successional stages of mature forest (7.26 t/hm~2) near mature forest (4.56 t/hm~2) in the forest (3.68 t/hm~2), the water holding capacity of the size of the mature forest (21.23 t/hm~2) (near mature forest 35.24 t/hm~2) in the forest (47.71 t/hm~2), the water holding rate for the mature forest (844.72%) near mature forest (742.58%) in the forest (592.02%), effective interception amount for mature forest (31.32 t/hm~2) near mature forest (20.52 t/hm~2) in the forest (11.98 t/hm~2). The forest succession stage different extent of decomposition of litter water holding capacity and water holding rate with a logarithmic relation increase of soaking time, water absorption rate is increased with the increase of immersion time decreased with the exponential relationship. The results show that the performance of water holding most mature forest, near mature forest, mature forest water holding capacity weakened. At different successional stages stand holding The order of water holding capacity is basically the same as that of stock volume. It shows that there is a strong correlation between water holding capacity and water holding capacity and volume. The larger the volume, the higher the water holding capacity and water holding capacity of litter, the stronger the water holding capacity of forest litter.

【作者单位】：东北林业大学工程技术学院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572015CA01) 国家自然科学基金项目(31400539) “十二五”国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC01B03)
【分类号】：S714

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