基于LESA体系的耕地质量综合评价及其应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 16:44

本文关键词： 耕地质量立地条件体系模型　出处：《华中农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：耕地资源作为人类生存与发展的物质基础,其数量与质量的变化对人类发展的作用不容忽视,随着科学技术的发展以及粮食问题的出现,人类对耕地保护的研究从重视数量转向了质量与数量并重。耕地的质量不仅仅受到自然环境的影响,在很大程度上与人类活动也息息相关,我国耕地质量的研究起步较晚,目前的研究也着重在于对耕地土壤质量的评价或者某一条件下土壤质量的变化分析,对耕地立地条件则较为忽视,使得评价结果与耕地实际生产状况并不能保持较好的一致性。本次研究在借鉴美国LESA(Land Evaluation and Site Assessment)的思想上,利用数学方法,建立耕地土地评价与立地条件评价的综合评价模型,确保评价的完整性与精准性,并以十堰市丹江口市为研究对象进行了实证分析,并对评价结果的应用展开了具体分析,主要过程如下:通过文献分析,利用数学方法构建了LESA评价模型,详细介绍了评价单元划分、指标体系构建以及评价模型的建立过程,通过研究区土地利用现状调查、土壤普查、实地调研等资料获取对区域耕地质量产生影响的相关因素状况,通过Arcgis等技术手段对区域耕地质量影响因素进行了分析,构建了评价指标体系,确定了6种土地条件影响因素以及4种立地条件影响因素来进行耕地综合质量模型评价,并以提高区域耕地生产力为目的,最终确定了丹江口市的耕地质量综合评价模型为LESA=0.7?LE+0.3?SA。利用LESA综合质量评价模型,对丹江口市耕地综合分值进行计算以及级别划分,最终确定丹江口市耕地综合质量的空间分布情况,并对分布进行了统计分析。研究认为丹江口市综合质量较优耕地为3280.96公顷,仅占全市总耕地面积的10.12%,较差耕地面积为12097.53公顷,占全市耕地总面积的37.71%,综合来看,丹江口市耕地土地条件较好,立地条件较优的耕地则很少,土地条件一般,立地条件较差是丹江口市耕地的普遍状况,主要原因在于耕地自身连片性较差、区域对农田水利设施投资较少,道路交通条件较差等。研究最后根据综合质量评价结果,分析了LESA评价体系在耕地利用规划与其他实践工作中的应用,其中着重分析了在耕地利用方向划定中的应用,并根据丹江口市耕地综合质量评价结果,划分耕地利用规划方向分值阈值点,根据不同的分值情况,将丹江口耕地划分为四个利用方向,能够为科学合理的规划利用区域耕地提供了理论基础与技术支持。
[Abstract]:As the material foundation of human existence and development, the change of quantity and quality of cultivated land can not be ignored. With the development of science and technology and the emergence of food problem, The study of cultivated land protection has changed from the emphasis on quantity to that of quantity. The quality of cultivated land is not only affected by the natural environment, but also closely related to human activities to a great extent. The study of cultivated land quality in our country started relatively late. The current research also focuses on the evaluation of cultivated land soil quality or the analysis of soil quality changes under certain conditions, while the site conditions of cultivated land are ignored. The evaluation results are not consistent with the actual production conditions of cultivated land. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation model of farmland land evaluation and site condition evaluation is established by using mathematical methods for reference from the idea of LESA(Land Evaluation and Site assessment in the United States. To ensure the integrity and accuracy of the evaluation, and Shiyan City Danjiangkou City as the research object of empirical analysis, and the application of the evaluation results launched a specific analysis, the main process is as follows: through literature analysis, The evaluation model of LESA was constructed by mathematical method, and the division of evaluation unit, the construction of index system and the process of establishing evaluation model were introduced in detail. Through the investigation of the present situation of land use in the study area, the soil survey was carried out. Through field investigation and other data to obtain the relevant factors that affect the quality of regional cultivated land, through Arcgis and other technical means to analyze the influencing factors of regional cultivated land quality, the evaluation index system is constructed. In order to improve the productivity of regional cultivated land, the comprehensive evaluation model of cultivated land quality in Danjiangkou is determined to be the comprehensive evaluation model of cultivated land quality in Danjiangkou, which includes 6 kinds of influencing factors of land condition and 4 kinds of influencing factors of site condition to evaluate the comprehensive quality of cultivated land. LE 0.3? SA.Using LESA comprehensive quality evaluation model to calculate and classify the comprehensive score of cultivated land in Danjiangkou, finally determine the spatial distribution of the comprehensive quality of cultivated land in Danjiangkou. The statistical analysis of the distribution shows that the optimum cultivated land of comprehensive quality in Danjiangkou is 3280.96 hectares, accounting for only 10.12 of the total cultivated land area of the whole city, and the poor cultivated land area is 12097.53 hectares, accounting for 37.71% of the total cultivated land area of the whole city. The cultivated land condition of Danjiangkou city is better, the cultivated land condition is better than that of the site condition is few, the land condition is general, the site condition is poor is the common condition of the cultivated land in Danjiangkou city, the main reason lies in the poor continuity of the cultivated land itself. According to the results of comprehensive quality evaluation, the application of LESA evaluation system in farmland utilization planning and other practical work is analyzed. In this paper, the application in the delineation of cultivated land use direction is analyzed emphatically, and according to the result of comprehensive quality evaluation of cultivated land in Danjiangkou City, the threshold point of farmland use planning direction is divided, and according to the different value situation, The division of cultivated land in Danjiangkou into four utilization directions can provide theoretical basis and technical support for scientific and rational planning and utilization of regional cultivated land.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S158

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