内蒙古河套灌区近30年盐碱化时空演变及驱动因素分析

发布时间：2018-03-04 19:17

本文选题：盐碱化　切入点：时空演变　出处：《中国农村水利水电》2016年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：土壤盐碱化是制约灌区可持续发展的重要因素之一。基于遥感和GIS技术,利用Landsat TM/ETM数据,分析了内蒙古河套灌区1987-2014年土地盐碱化时空演变,并结合区域气象、水文、灌排等资料,对盐碱化驱动因素进行分析。结果表明,近30年来河套灌区盐碱地经历了萎缩(1987-1993)-缓慢扩张(1993-2006)-萎缩(2006-2014)3个阶段,但总体呈现缩减趋势。从空间分布来看,1987-2006年,在灌区西南部-中部大部-东北部形成盐碱地分布集中带,且集中带经历了从萎缩到逐步扩张的过程;2006年以后,大片盐碱地呈现碎片化趋势。多元逐步回归分析表明,灌区盐碱化主要驱动因素为排灌比、平均地下水埋深和蒸发量。
[Abstract]:Soil salinization is one of the important factors that restrict the sustainable development of irrigated area. Based on remote sensing and GIS technology, using Landsat TM/ETM data, the spatiotemporal evolution of soil salinization in Hetao Irrigation area of Inner Mongolia from 1987 to 2014 is analyzed, and combined with regional meteorology and hydrology. Based on the data of irrigation and drainage, this paper analyzes the driving factors of salinization in Hetao Irrigation area. The results show that the saline-alkali land in Hetao Irrigation area has experienced three stages of shrinking from 1987 to 1993 and slowly expanding from 1993 to 2006 (2006-2014), but the overall trend is decreasing. From the spatial distribution point of view, the saline-alkali land in Hetao Irrigation area from 1987 to 2006. The distribution and concentration zone of saline-alkali land formed in the southwest, central and northeast of the irrigated area, and experienced a process from shrinking to gradually expanding. After 2006, a large area of saline-alkali land showed a trend of fragmentation. The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that, The main driving factors of salinization in irrigation area are drainage and irrigation ratio, average groundwater depth and evaporation.
【作者单位】：中国水利水电科学研究院;
【基金】：水利部公益性行业科研专项(201401019,201401001)
【分类号】：S156.4

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