华南红壤区坡面产流产沙对植被的响应

发布时间：2018-03-06 18:11

本文选题：坡面水蚀　切入点：植被　出处：《水利学报》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：植被对坡面水蚀具有重要影响,其减水、减沙效益广受关注。以广东省五华县源坑水小流域2011—2014年的径流小区次降雨水沙观测数据为基础,分别在次降雨、月、年及不同降雨区间讨论植物类型差异、月际植被盖度变化、年际植物生长及不同次降雨量对坡面产流、产沙的影响。研究结果表明:(1)在次降雨尺度,植物小区平均减沙效益、减水效益分别为24.77%、12.95%,其减沙效益大于减水效益;(2)在各降雨区间,相较于裸土小区,桉树、松树和糖蜜草小区分别在次降雨量为20~30 mm、20~40 mm和20~50 mm的降雨区间具有较为显著的减沙效益。松树和糖蜜草在次降雨量为10~50 mm的降雨区间均具有显著的减水效益。但在次降雨量50mm的降雨区间植物的减沙、减水效益均不显著。(3)在月尺度上,各径流小区产流、产沙量均无显著差异。但由于月际植被盖度的变化,不同月份植物减沙效益数值顺序存在一定变化,但植物减水效益数值顺序较为稳定均呈现为糖蜜草松树桉树。(4)在年尺度上,桉树,松树和糖蜜草的减沙、减水效益区间分别为7.00%~38.66%、2.98%~8.76%,7.74%~37.30%、6.67%~19.67%和8.35%~45.33%、10.00%~23.36%。各径流小区年均次降雨产流、产沙数值顺序均呈现裸土小区桉树小区松树小区糖蜜草小区。各植物小区的减水效益与减沙效益相一致,表明相较于植物通过改变水沙关系减沙而言,植物主要是通过减水来减沙。
[Abstract]:Vegetation has an important influence on slope water erosion, and its water reduction and sediment reduction benefit are paid more attention to. Based on the observation data of runoff area water and sediment from 2011 to 2014 in the Yuankengshui small watershed of Wuhua County, Guangdong Province, respectively, The difference of plant types, the variation of intermonthly vegetation coverage, the effects of interannual plant growth and different rainfall on runoff and sediment yield on slope surface were discussed in different rainfall periods. The results showed that: 1) on the scale of secondary rainfall, the average benefit of sediment reduction in plant plots was obtained. The benefit of water reduction is 24.770.95, and the benefit of sediment reduction is greater than that of water reduction. (2) in each rainfall area, compared with bare soil plot, eucalyptus, Eucalyptus, Eucalyptus, Eucalyptus, Eucalyptus, Pine and molasses plot have significant sediment reduction benefit in the rainfall range of 20 ~ 30 mm ~ 20 mm ~ 40 mm and 20 ~ 50 mm, respectively. Both pine tree and molasses grass have significant water reduction benefit in a rainfall range of 10 ~ 50 mm. Plant sediment reduction at a rainfall interval of 50 mm per second rainfall, There was no significant difference in runoff and sediment yield between different runoff plots on monthly scale, but the numerical sequence of plant sediment reduction benefit varied from month to month due to the change of monthly vegetation coverage. However, the numerical order of plant water reduction benefit is relatively stable: on the annual scale, Eucalyptus, pine and molasses are the main components of Eucalyptus, pine and molasses. On the annual scale, the water reduction benefit ranges of eucalyptus, pine and molasses are 7.00, 38.66, 2.98, 7.76, 37.30, 6.6719.67% and 8.35, 45.3310.00 and 23.360.The average annual rainfall yield of each runoff plot is 23.360.The results show that. The numerical sequence of sediment yield in eucalyptus plot of bare soil area showed molasses plot of pine tree plot in bare soil plot. The benefit of water reduction and sediment reduction of each plant plot was consistent with that of sediment reduction, which indicated that compared with that of plants by changing the relationship between water and sediment, Plants reduce sand mainly by reducing water.
【作者单位】：广东省生态环境与土壤研究所广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室;中山大学地理科学与规划学院;广东省五华县水土保持试验推广站;
【基金】：广东省自然科学基金研究团队项目(S2012030006144) 广东省水利厅委托项目(GPCGD112197FT141F1) 国家自然科学基金项目(41171221,41471020) 广东省科学院青年科学研究基金项目(qnjj201404) 广东省中国科学院全面战略合作项目(2013B091500077) 省院创新平台建设专项(2016GDASPT-0105)
【分类号】：S157

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