永定区耕地土壤磷素养分演变特征及施磷推荐

发布时间：2018-03-08 09:33

本文选题：有效磷　切入点：耕地　出处：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：磷是植物必需的三大营养元素之一,也是南方红壤地区障碍作物增产的关键因子,而土壤有效磷作为土壤磷贮库中对作物最为有效营养元素之一,该元素能直接被作物吸收并且利用,因而它是评价土壤供磷能力的重要指标。本文以张家界永定区测土配方施肥和耕地地力评价项目为依托,通过对国内外关于土壤有效磷评价研究的总结,结合土壤学、植物营养学、施肥学等相关理论,研究了张家界市永定区土壤有效磷含量特征及空间分布规律,并提出了水稻推荐施肥方案,以期为永定区耕地土壤磷素的管理及施肥决策提供依据。主要研究结果如下：(1)永定区耕地土壤有效磷总体含量属三级水平,平均含量为20.04mg/kg,但空间分布极不均匀,以三级、四级含量水平的分布面积较大,一级和五级含量水平分布面积较小。(2)永定区耕地中水稻土有效磷比旱地高2.65mg/kg;不同土类中以水稻土含量最高,为20.86mg/kg,为三级含量水平,紫色土有效磷含量最低,为10.05mg/kg,属于较低水平,其他土类土壤有效磷含量在10-20mg/kg之间,属四级含量水平。(3)永定区耕地高产田的面积为112090亩,中产田面积为137236亩,低产田面积94294亩,中低产田土的面积较大,其中磷是限制作物产量提高的关键因子之一；根据田间试验结果,每生产100kg稻谷需要吸收P2O5为0.85-0.92kg,基于不同耕地土壤养分特征及目标产量,磷肥施用量为P2O5为2.05-4.29kg。
[Abstract]:Phosphorus is one of the three essential nutrient elements in plants, and it is also the key factor to increase crop yield in the red soil area of southern China. The available phosphorus in soil is one of the most effective nutrient elements for crops in the soil phosphorus storage. This element can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, so it is an important index to evaluate the ability of soil phosphorus supply. The characteristics and spatial distribution of soil available phosphorus in Yongding District of Zhangjiajie City were studied by summarizing the research on the evaluation of soil available phosphorus at home and abroad, and combining with the relevant theories of soil science, plant nutrition, fertilization and so on. In order to provide the basis for soil phosphorus management and fertilization decision in Yongding area, the main results are as follows: 1) the total available phosphorus content of cultivated soil in Yongding area belongs to three levels. The average content is 20.04 mg / kg, but the spatial distribution is extremely uneven. The available phosphorus of paddy soil in Yongding area is 2.65 mg / kg higher than that in dry land, and the content of paddy soil is the highest (20.86 mg / kg) in different soils, which is the third level, and the available phosphorus content in purple soil is the lowest (10.05 mg / kg). The available phosphorus content of other soils ranged from 10 to 20 mg / kg, belonging to the fourth grade level. The area of high yield farmland in Yongding area was 112090 mu, the area of middle yield field was 137236 mu, the area of low yield field was 94294 mu, and the area of middle and low yield field was larger. Phosphorus is one of the key factors to limit the increase of crop yield, according to the results of field experiment, P _ 2O _ 5 needs to be absorbed from 0.85-0.92kg per 100 kg paddy, and P _ 2O _ 5 is 2.05-4.29kg based on soil nutrient characteristics and target yield of different cultivated land.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S158;S147

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