北京市农业大棚冬季燃煤散烧污染排放估算

发布时间：2018-03-09 08:42

  本文选题：北京　切入点：农业大棚　出处：《环境科学研究》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：选取北京农业种植的典型区域,使用高分辨率影像对2013年冬季、2014年夏季及2014年冬季的三期农业大棚进行了精细化提取,分析了污染物空间分布特征.在此基础上,通过现场调查的方式获取了蔬菜、瓜果、水果、花卉以及其他类五种不同种植类别农业大棚的燃煤系数,估算了北京市典型区农业大棚的燃煤散烧量及污染物排放量.结果表明:以面积为衡量指标,北京市农业大棚主要集中在城乡结合部,南部区域量多面广,而北部区域分布集中、规模较大,受城市扩张影响,农业大棚呈现重心向外转移的变化趋势.选取大兴、通州、昌平以及海淀4个区作为典型区,通过实地调查发现其他类农业大棚燃煤系数最大,达到15.0 kg/(m~2·a),瓜果、水果、蔬菜及花卉燃煤系数依次为8.2、3.5、3.4及1.7 kg/(m~2·a).北京典型区农业大棚燃煤量为3.4×10~4t,全市农业大棚的燃煤总量约为5.2×10~4t.结合农业大棚活动水平与污染物排放因子估算2014年北京市农业大棚燃煤散烧的PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_x及SO_2排放量分别为623.7、516.2、98.3及184.0 t.将2013—2014年冬季持续存在、夏季未被拆除的大棚定义为长期持续性大棚,核算发现,长期持续性大棚PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_x及SO_2排放量分别为399.7、482.9、76.1及142.5 t.
[Abstract]:The typical agricultural planting areas in Beijing were selected and the spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants were analyzed by using high-resolution images to extract the three periods of agricultural greenhouse in the winter of 2013, 2014 and 2014, respectively. The coal burning coefficients of vegetables, fruits, fruits, flowers and other kinds of agricultural greenhouse were obtained by field investigation. This paper estimates the amount of coal burning and pollutant emission of agricultural greenhouse in typical area of Beijing. The results show that the agricultural greenhouse in Beijing is mainly concentrated in the combination of urban and rural areas with a wide range of areas in the south. However, the northern region is concentrated in distribution, larger in scale, affected by urban expansion, and the agricultural greenhouse shows a changing trend of shifting the center of gravity outward. Four districts, namely, Daxing, Tongzhou, Changping and Haidian, are selected as typical areas. Through field investigation, it was found that the coal burning coefficient of other kinds of agricultural greenhouse was the highest, reaching 15.0 kg/(m~2 路a, melon and fruit, fruits, fruits, fruits, fruits, fruits, fruits, fruits and fruits, The coal burning coefficient of vegetables and flowers was 8.2 脳 10 ~ (4) and 1.7 kg/(m~2 路a 路a ~ (-1) respectively. The coal burning capacity of agricultural greenhouse in Beijing was 3.4 脳 10 ~ (4) t, and the total coal burning of agricultural greenhouse was about 5.2 脳 10 ~ (4) t. In 2014, the agriculture of Beijing was estimated according to the level of agricultural greenhouse activity and pollutant emission factor. In the industrial greenhouse, the emissions of SO_2 and PMS from the burning of coal are 623.7n516.2 / 98.3 and 184.0t, respectively, which will be continued in the winter of 2013-2014, and will be continued in the winter of 2013-2014, and the emission of the pollution is 623.7 / 516.2 / 98.3 and 184.0 / t, respectively. The greenhouse that has not been demolished in summer is defined as the long-lasting greenhouse. The accounting results show that the emission of SO_2 and SO_2 are 399.7t / 482.9m 76.1 and 142.5 t, respectively.
【作者单位】： 北京市环境保护监测中心;大气颗粒物监测技术北京市重点实验室;
【基金】：北京公益科技项目(Z161100001116013)
【分类号】：X712
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本文编号：1587804