中国农村污染工业发展机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 23:45

本文选题：农村工业化　切入点：污染避难所　出处：《农业经济问题》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：近年来,中国农村地域内工业发展造成的环境污染显示出加重和蔓延趋势。通过对第一、二次全国经济普查企业数据的分析发现,中国农村地区污染制造企业数量多、规模小、分布广、增长快、体量大、重化工业等背离农村技术和农业资源优势的污染制造企业占有绝对比重。采用Logit模型对企业在城乡选址行为进行定量分析,结果表明,土地成本较低和环境管制宽松对企业在农村选址起了显著的作用,而土地成本的影响远远高于环境管制。这表明中国城乡间存在着"污染避难所"效应,但是其影响远小于低价土地成本所发挥的作用。由于地方政府在污染工业格局的形成方面发挥了决定性作用,因此加强农村地区工业污染治理的关键环节是严格管理污染企业的用地总量和空间布局。
[Abstract]:In recent years, environmental pollution caused by industrial development in rural areas of China has shown a trend of aggravation and spread. Through the analysis of enterprise data from the first and second national economic surveys, it is found that the number and scale of polluting manufacturing enterprises in rural areas of China are large and small. The pollution-manufacturing enterprises which deviate from the advantages of rural technology and agricultural resources, such as heavy chemical industry and so on, occupy an absolute proportion in wide distribution, rapid growth, large volume, etc. The quantitative analysis of the behavior of enterprises in urban and rural areas is carried out by using Logit model, the results show that, The low land cost and loose environmental regulation have played a significant role in the location of enterprises in rural areas, and the impact of land cost is much higher than that of environmental regulation. This shows that there is a "pollution shelter" effect between urban and rural areas in China. But the impact is much smaller than the impact of low land costs. Because local governments play a decisive role in the formation of polluting industrial patterns, Therefore, the key to strengthen industrial pollution control in rural areas is to strictly manage the total land use and spatial distribution of polluting enterprises.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所;
【基金】：中国社会科学院“登峰计划”重点学科建设项目“环境技术经济学”
【分类号】：F323.22;F427;X22

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