基于3S技术的耕地后备资源调查与宜耕性评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 07:41

本文选题：3S技术　切入点：耕地后备资源　出处：《江西理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：耕地是农民生活之根本,是国家粮食储备的源头,是社会稳定和安全保障的基础。随着城市和工业的快速发展,耕地严重被占用、滥用和过度破坏。现今,全国各地已出现部分耕地退化、荒废,耕地资源使用面积大幅度减少的现象。耕地保护和耕地后备资源开发利用是解决这类问题的重要途径,而耕地后备资源作为耕地补充的重要来源,是实现国家粮食保障的基础。对耕地后备资源的评价确保了查清了耕地的规模及分布,其评价结果可以为国土部门和政府提供有利的科学指导和依据。本文借助由GIS、GPS和RS组成的3S技术,从耕地的自然适宜性和生态安全性角度出发,对耕地后备资源调查和评价进行全面的设计和研究。提出了耕地后备资源调查与评价的理论方法与技术框架,分析了耕地后备资源的评价原则、评价因素选取方法、评价流程及评价方法。在此基础上,以江西省赣州市下的上犹县为研究区域进行了实例分析。首先在全国第二次土地调查和上一轮耕地后备资源调查成果基础上,依托遥感技术,对上犹县0.5米高分辨率遥感图像进行内业解译,提取评价地类图斑,确定评价对象。然后结合GIS技术,把评价对象与专题信息图,如坡向图等,做叠置分析确定评价单元。通过GPS技术,利用外业调绘软件—基于Android的野外数据采集系统,对地类图斑进行采集和调查,进一步形成上犹县耕地后备资源调查数据库。其次分析了耕地在自然、生态条件下变化的影响因子,从遥感影像中提取评价指标,确定耕地后备资源评价因子,建立了在自然、生态限制条件下的耕地后备资源评价体系。采用极限法和综合指数相结合的方法,建立土地宜耕性评价模型,并对研究区域进行宜耕性评价。最后,对评价结果进行可视化,并统计分析了研究区域宜耕后备资源数量特征、宜耕后备资源空间分布及宜耕后备资源地类来源,同时根据评价结果为决策者耕地后备资源开发利用提供了有效的建议和对策,也为土地利用规划、土地整理开发工作提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:Cultivated land is the foundation of farmers' lives, the source of national grain reserves and the foundation of social stability and security. With the rapid development of cities and industries, cultivated land is seriously occupied, abused and excessively damaged. Some arable land has been degraded, abandoned and the area used for cultivated land resources has been greatly reduced in various parts of the country. The protection of cultivated land and the development and utilization of cultivated land reserve resources are important ways to solve this kind of problems. As an important source of arable land supplement, cultivated land reserve resources are the basis for achieving national food security. The evaluation of cultivated land reserve resources ensures that the scale and distribution of cultivated land are clear. The evaluation results can provide favorable scientific guidance and basis for the land department and the government. In this paper, with the help of the 3s technology composed of GIS-GPS and RS, the natural suitability and ecological security of cultivated land are considered. This paper makes a comprehensive design and research on the investigation and evaluation of cultivated land reserve resources, puts forward the theoretical method and technical framework for the investigation and evaluation of cultivated land reserve resources, analyzes the evaluation principles of cultivated land reserve resources, and the methods of selecting evaluation factors. On this basis, taking Shangyou County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province as a case study area, this paper makes a case study. Firstly, on the basis of the results of the second national land survey and the last round of cultivated land reserve resources investigation, Relying on remote sensing technology, this paper interprets the 0.5m high-resolution remote sensing image in Shangyou County, extracts the evaluation spot, and determines the evaluation object. Then, combined with GIS technology, the evaluation object and the thematic information map, such as slope map, etc. Through the GPS technology, the field data acquisition system based on Android is used to collect and investigate the ground type map spot, which is based on the field data acquisition system based on Android. Secondly, the influence factors of cultivated land changes under natural and ecological conditions were analyzed, the evaluation indexes were extracted from remote sensing images, the evaluation factors of cultivated land reserve resources were determined, and the factors of cultivated land reserve resources evaluation were established in nature. The evaluation system of cultivated land reserve resources under the condition of ecological restriction. By using the method of limit method and comprehensive index, the evaluation model of land suitability for tillage is established. Finally, the evaluation results are visualized. The quantitative characteristics of reserve resources, spatial distribution of reserve resources of suitable tillage and the source of land types of reserve resources of suitable tillage in the study area are statistically analyzed, and the effective suggestions and countermeasures for the development and utilization of reserve resources of arable land for decision makers are provided according to the evaluation results. Also for land use planning, land consolidation and development work to provide scientific basis.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.211;S127

【参考文献】