不同种植模式对作物根系固土拉力特性的影响

发布时间：2018-03-15 07:15

  本文选题：间作　切入点：玉米　出处：《水土保持研究》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：玉米大豆间作体系对土壤流失的影响研究多集中在地上部,而鲜有研究报道玉米大豆间作根系特征对固土拉力特性的影响。采用田间径流小区试验,研究了坡耕地条件下玉米大豆间作(MD)、玉米单作(MM)、大豆单作(DD)和裸地(CK)的生物量和根系固土拉力。结果表明:MD处理的玉米根系密度较MM处理增加了19.64%,10—20cm土层深度范围内MD处理与MM和CK处理间差异显著(p0.05),MD处理较MM和CK处理分别高出了4.25%和4.84%,在0—10cm范围内,MD处理较MM和CK处理分别提高了2.49%和15.85%,在20—30cm范围内,MD处理较MM和CK处理分别提高了1.56%和6.25%。MD处理的地上部分鲜重生物量较MM处理增加了2.46%,干重生物量较MM处理增加了7.31%,地下部分鲜重生物量较MM处理增加了5.06%,干重生物量较MM处理增加了3.17%。在0—30cm土层范围内,能有效保持土壤水分,提高土壤含水率。MD处理较MM处理、DD处理和CK处理不论在玉米样方还是在大豆样方其固土能力均强,在施加相同荷载情况下,间作处理比单作处理土壤样方的位移偏移量较单作处理时偏移量小。
[Abstract]:The effect of maize and soybean intercropping system on soil loss was mainly focused on the aboveground part, but the effect of maize and soybean intercropping root system on the soil tensile strength was seldom reported. The field runoff plot experiment was used to study the effect of maize and soybean intercropping system on soil loss. The biomass and soil holding capacity of maize and soybean intercropping (MDN), maize monoculture (MMN), soybean monoculture (DDD) and bare land CK (CK) under sloping cultivated land were studied. The results showed that the root density of maize treated with 20% MD increased the depth range of 19.6410 ~ (-20 cm) than that of MM treatment. The difference between internal MD treatment and MM and CK treatment was significantly higher than that of MM and CK treatment by 4.25% and 4.84, respectively. In 0-10cm range, MD treatment was 2.49% and 15.85cm higher than that of MM and CK treatment, and the MD treatment was higher than MM and CK treatment in the range of 20-30cm, respectively. The fresh biomass of aboveground part increased by 1.56% and 6.25.MD treatment increased 2.46g than that of MM treatment, the dry weight biomass increased 7.31than that of MM treatment, the fresh weight biomass of underground part increased 5.066g than that of MM treatment, and the dry weight biomass increased 3.17cm than that of MM treatment. It can effectively maintain soil moisture, increase soil moisture content. MD treatment has stronger soil consolidation ability than MM treatment and CK treatment, both in maize sample and soybean sample, under the same load. The displacement migration of intercropping treatment was smaller than that of mono-cropping treatment.
【作者单位】： 云南农业大学资源与环境学院;昆明佳晓自来水工程技术股份有限公司;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“坡耕地红壤主要农作物根系固土抗蚀生物力学特征研究”(41461059);“间作影响坡耕地红壤团聚体分形特征和抗蚀性的机制”(41661063)
【分类号】：S157.433
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本文编号：1614978