ABR-MABR耦合工艺处理畜禽养殖废水研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 13:47

  本文选题：厌氧折流板　切入点：膜曝气生物膜　出处：《北京林业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：畜禽养殖废水是一种高氨氮、高有机物废水,若直接排放到环境中则会引起一系列生态环境污染问题。本论文研究了单独厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)以及ABR-MABR(膜曝气生物膜反应器)耦合工艺处理畜禽养殖废水的启动过程、处理效能及其运行特征,确定了反应器快速启动的方式,优化了工艺参数,评价了利用ABR-MABR耦合工艺处理畜禽养殖废水的可行性,主要结果如下：ABR处理畜禽养殖废水的研究表明：采用固定停留时间,逐步升高进水负荷的方式启动ABR,历时64天可完成启动,CODcr和氨氮的最终去除率分别为98%和19.27%。在进水CODcr 5000mg/L、氨氮500mg/L的条件下继续运行ABR 54天,反应器状态良好,对CODcr和氨氮都保持稳定的去除率(80%和15%)。所确定ABR启动的关键参数为：接种厌氧颗粒污泥,污泥中位直径0.89mm,浓度3040g/L,污泥体积为1/3反应器体积,启动初始CODCr 2000mg/L,运行稳定后每次升高30%左右。ABR启动过程中,颗粒污泥中位直径从0.89mm增长到1.18-1.58mm,平均生长速度是7.28×10-3mm/d。成熟颗粒污泥结构相对疏松,致密程度低于接种污泥。流变测试显示成熟颗粒污泥具有水凝胶结构特征,在中性或酸性pH条件下水凝胶结构强度和弹性较好,离子强度和温度对污泥水凝胶结构也有一定影响。污泥平衡水含量(EWC)随着盐浓度升高或pH的降低而不断降低,成熟厌氧颗粒污泥具有向外释水的趋势。PCR-DGG E分析结果表明,第一格室中微生物含量最多,主要为产酸菌Uncultured Clostridiales bacterium,Clostridium botulinum,Uncultured Acidobacteria bacterium以及产甲烷菌Uncultured Firmicutes bacterium 等。ABR-MABR处理畜禽养殖废水的研究表明：在反应器中接种颗粒污泥和活性污泥,采用逐步升高有机负荷方式启动ABR-MABR,总共历时49天(初始CODC,为2000mg/L,每次提高负荷30%)。ABR-MABR对CODCr去除效果良好(大于89%),氨氮去除效果优于单独ABR处理,稳定运行期间氨氮去除率均为78.08%;适当增加曝气量及反应器格室数量、控制温度为32±1℃更有利于氮素污染物的去除。电镜扫描及PCR-DGGE技术研究结果表明,耦合反应器中成熟污泥主要由杆状菌、丝状菌和少量球状菌组成。耦合反应器中存在大量厌氧菌,同时还有硝化菌Uncultured Nitrospira sp以及专性好氧菌Uncultured Arthrobacter sp的存在,耦合反应器中微生物含量及丰富度均优于ABR。
[Abstract]:Livestock and poultry breeding wastewater is a kind of high ammonia nitrogen, high organic wastewater, If discharged directly into the environment, it will cause a series of ecological pollution problems. In this paper, the start-up process of single anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR) and ABR-MABR (membrane aerated biofilm reactor) for treating livestock and poultry wastewater was studied. The treatment efficiency and operation characteristics of the reactor were determined, the process parameters were optimized, and the feasibility of using ABR-MABR coupling process to treat livestock and poultry wastewater was evaluated. The main results are as follows: the treatment of livestock and poultry wastewater by: fixed residence time, The final removal rates of CODcr and NH3-N were 98% and 19.277.In the condition of influent CODcr 5000mg / L and ammonia nitrogen 500mg / L, the reactor was in good condition. The key parameters of ABR start-up were: inoculation of anaerobic granular sludge, median diameter of sludge 0.89mm, concentration of 3040g / L, sludge volume of 1/3 reactor volume. When the initial CODCr 2000 mg / L was started, the average diameter of granular sludge increased from 0.89 mm to 1.18-1.58 mm, and the average growth rate was 7.28 脳 10 ~ (-3) mm / d, and the structure of mature granular sludge was relatively loose. The degree of densification was lower than that of inoculation sludge. Rheological test showed that the mature granular sludge had hydrogel structure characteristics, and the strength and elasticity of hydrogel structure were better at neutral or acidic pH. Ionic strength and temperature also affected the hydrogel structure of sludge. The equilibrium water content of sludge decreased with the increase of salt concentration or the decrease of pH. The results of PCR-DGG analysis showed that the mature anaerobic granular sludge had the tendency of releasing water outward. The study on the treatment of livestock and poultry wastewater by Uncultured Clostridiales botulinum Acidobacteria bacterium and methanogenic bacteria Uncultured Firmicutes bacterium showed that granular sludge and activated sludge were inoculated in the reactor. ABR-MABR was started by increasing organic load step by step, which lasted 49 days (initial COD, 2000mg / L). Each time the loading increased by 30mg / L, ABR-MABR had a good effect on CODCr removal (> 89g / L), and ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was better than that of single ABR treatment. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 78.08 during the stable operation, the proper increase of aeration rate and the number of reactor cells, and the control temperature of 32 卤1 鈩，

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