吐鲁番市农田土壤盐分特征分析

发布时间：2018-03-19 21:32

本文选题：土壤盐分　切入点：时空变异　出处：《新疆大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：土壤盐渍化问题严重影响了人类的生产和生态环境。特别是在我国西北干旱、半干旱地区存在严重的土壤盐渍化现象,对区域农业可持续发展的研究,其重中之重就是对干旱区土壤盐渍化问题的研究。本文运用地统计学方法与ArcGI10.0技术及SAS9.2数据处理软件,以2013至2014年对研究区实地采样得出数据为基础,对吐鲁番市北盆地沿流域灌区农田土壤盐分的组成、分布及不同时空变化规律进行研究。研究结论有:(1)研究区发生盐渍化的土壤属硫酸型盐渍土。样本中非盐渍化土壤占了主要部分,而盐土只占了其中的2.7%,说明研究区内整体土壤盐渍化程度不高。其中,盐土主要集中在大河沿河下游荒漠地带。按照表聚系数公式得0.78,盐基离子呈表聚型(SAP)分布。非灌溉期间整个土壤盐分离子变化比灌溉时期明显。(2)沿四条河流分布的情况分析得:大河沿河流域分布的农田土壤盐分含量中,下游含盐量大于上游土壤的含盐量,由上游到下游有逐渐增大的趋势;塔尔朗河下游的土壤含盐量也高于上游土壤的含盐量;煤窑沟与黑沟上游与下游土壤含盐量呈下降趋势;煤窑沟从上游、中游以至到下游土壤含盐量的没有太多的变化,整体呈趋缓趋势。(3)C0/(C0+C)的值在53%—88.6%之间,说明研究区不同时期内各剖面土壤盐分含量具有较强的空间相关性。空间相关性表明,5月份土壤盐分空间相关性分别为34.2%和47.1%,均大于25%,表现为中等变异性,各剖面土壤盐分变化的拟合模型分别符合线性模型、指数模型;11月份,0-10cm剖面土壤盐分空间相关性为11.4%,0-40cm剖面土壤盐分空间相关性为27.3%,小于或接近于25%,变异性表现为弱变异性,各剖面土壤盐分变化的拟合模型分别为指数模型、高斯模型。(4)本文结合研究区所处的地理位置、地形地貌特征自然因素的以及人为因素如水利工程,探讨分析了吐鲁番市土壤盐分变化的影响因子。
[Abstract]:The problem of soil salinization has seriously affected human production and ecological environment, especially in arid and semi-arid areas of northwest China, there is a serious phenomenon of soil salinization, and the sustainable development of regional agriculture has been studied. The most important thing is to study the problem of soil salinization in arid area. This paper uses geostatistics method, ArcGI10.0 technology and SAS9.2 data processing software, based on the field sampling data from 2013 to 2014. The composition of soil salinity in irrigated farmland in the northern basin of Turpan City was studied. The results show that the salinized soil in the study area belongs to sulphuric acid saline soil, and the non-salinized soil in the sample accounts for the main part. The salt soil accounted for only 2.7% of the total soil salinization in the study area, which indicated that the degree of soil salinization was not high in the study area. The salt soil is mainly concentrated in the desert area of the lower reaches of the river along the river. According to the formula of apparent accumulation coefficient 0.78, the salt base ions are distributed in the form of apparent accumulation type SAP. The variation of soil salt ions in the non-irrigated period is more obvious than that in the irrigation period. 2) the distribution of salt ions along the four rivers is obvious. The salt content of farmland soil distributed along the river basin of Dahe River, The salt content in the lower reaches is larger than that in the upstream soils, and gradually increases from the upper reaches to the lower reaches; the salt content in the lower reaches of Talang River is also higher than that in the upstream soils; The salt content in the soil from upstream, middle reaches to lower reaches did not change much, and the overall trend was in the range of 53% to 88 6%, and the total value of soil salt content was between 53% and 88 6%. The spatial correlation indicated that the spatial correlation of soil salt content was 34.2% and 47.1 in May, respectively, which were higher than 25.1, showing moderate variability, indicating that the soil salt content in different sections of the study area had a strong spatial correlation in different periods, and the spatial correlation showed that the spatial correlation of soil salt content in May was 34.2% and 47.1, respectively. The fitting models of soil salinity variation in each section were in line with linear model respectively. The spatial correlation of soil salinity in the 0-10cm profile was 11.4cm / 10cm in November. The spatial correlation of soil salinity in 0-40cm profile was 27.3cm, less than or close to 25cm, and the variability showed weak variability. The fitting models of soil salinity change in each section are exponential model and Gao Si model respectively.) this paper combines the geographical location of the study area, the natural factors of topography and geomorphology, and the artificial factors such as water conservancy project. The influencing factors of soil salinity change in Turpan City were discussed and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S156.41

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