除草剂对茶园土壤尿素态氮转化和温室气体排放的影响

发布时间：2018-03-22 12:01

本文选题：除草剂　切入点：茶园土壤　出处：《农业环境科学学报》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：通过室内培养试验,研究了几种常用茶园除草剂对土壤尿素态氮转化和温室气体排放的影响。设置CK(未施尿素和除草剂)、单施尿素、尿素+草甘膦钾盐、尿素+草甘膦异丙胺盐、尿素+草铵膦、尿素+百草枯共6个处理,尿素用量为200 mg N·kg~(-1)干土,除草剂用量为10 mg有效成分·kg~(-1)干土。结果表明:4种除草剂均在前期(5 d)显著抑制了尿素的水解作用(P0.05),此后促进尿素水解,并延长了尿素水解时间,百草枯施用效果较为显著,其他3种除草剂施用效果之间差异不显著。与单施尿素处理相比,施用除草剂均显著抑制土壤硝化作用(P0.05),硝化抑制率为38.42%~58.08%。茶园土壤单施尿素显著促进温室气体CO_2和N_2O的排放(P0.05)。与单施尿素处理相比,4种除草剂均促进了茶园土壤CO_2的排放,累积排放量增幅为6.05%~65.46%,其中草甘膦异丙胺和百草枯处理CO_2排放量显著增加(P0.05);4种除草剂显著抑制N_2O排放(P0.05),累积排放量降幅为46.21%~63.58%,百草枯处理抑制效果最显著(P0.05);4种除草剂不同程度抑制了CH_4的排放,累积排放量降幅为13.71%~32.09%,草甘膦异丙胺和百草枯处理CH_4累积排放量显著降低(P0.05),但4种除草剂之间差异不显著(P0.05)。由于不同除草剂对不同微生物生理代谢影响的复杂性,其对氮素转化和温室气体的影响还需长期田间试验研究。
[Abstract]:The effects of several common tea garden herbicides on soil urea nitrogen conversion and greenhouse gas emission were studied through indoor culture experiments, and CK (no urea and herbicide, single urea, urea glyphosate potassium salt) were set up. Urea glyphosate isopropylamine salt, urea ammonium phosphine and urea paraquat were treated in 6 treatments, and the amount of urea was 200 mg / kg ~ (-1) dry soil. Dry soil was treated with 10 mg herbicide. The results showed that all of the 4 herbicides inhibited the hydrolysis of urea (P0.05N), promoted the hydrolysis of urea and prolonged the hydrolysis time of urea, and the effect of paraquat application was significant. There was no significant difference among the other three herbicides. Application of herbicides significantly inhibited soil nitrification (P 0.05), nitrification inhibition rate was 38.42% and 58.08%. Application of urea alone in tea garden soil significantly promoted the emission of greenhouse gas CO_2 and N _ 2O. Compared with urea alone, all the four herbicides promoted the CO_2 emission from tea garden soil. The accumulative emissions increased by 6.05%, and the CO_2 emissions of glyphosate isopropylamine and paraquat treatment increased significantly. The four herbicides significantly inhibited N2O emission (P0.05N), and the cumulative emission decreased by 46.21% (63.58%). The inhibition effect of paraquat treatment was the most significant (P0.05N). CH_4 emissions were inhibited to varying degrees, The cumulative emission of glyphosate isopropylamine and paraquat decreased significantly (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference among the four herbicides. Due to the complexity of the effects of different herbicides on the physiological metabolism of different microbes, the cumulative emission of glyphosate isopropylamine and paraquat decreased significantly by 13.71% ~ 32.09%, but there was no significant difference among the four herbicides. The effects on nitrogen conversion and greenhouse gases need to be studied in the field for a long time.
【作者单位】：福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所;福建省红壤山地农业生态过程重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200903) 福建省公益类科研院所专项(2015R1012-5,2016R1011-4) 福建省自然科学基金项目(2016J01120)~~
【分类号】：S571.1;X592

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