丹江口水库水源区农业面源污染物流失量估算

发布时间：2018-03-24 12:43

本文选题：分形理论　切入点：水系分维　出处：《环境科学研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：丹江口水库是南水北调中线工程的水源地,也是我国规模最大的饮用水水源保护区,农业面源污染是影响其水质的首要因素,合理估算其水源区农业面源污染物的流失量对确保该水库水质有着重大意义.在实地调研的基础上,采用分形理论估算了丹江口水库水源区河南省所在区域2013年TN、TP的流失量,并与输出系数法的结果进行比较.结果表明:两种方法都显示该区域污染物的流失以氮为主,其中分形理论结果显示TN流失量是TP流失量的7.156倍(输出系数法为6.773);禽畜养殖产生的污染物流失量最多,占总流失量的69.93%(输出系数法为70.28%),农田化肥产生的污染物流失量占总流失量的21.99%(输出系数法为21.74%);无论是TN、TP的流失总量,还是二者的总流失量,两种算法配对t检验的P值(双侧)均小于0.05,具有统计学意义;分形方法考虑了下垫面对污染物流失的影响,而输出系数法只是简单地将各区域的流失率平均化,故分形方法所得结果比输出系数法更为可靠.研究显示,运用分形方法来研究区域面源污染是适宜的,同时也拓展了流域尺度面源污染的计算方法.
[Abstract]:The Danjiangkou Reservoir is the water source of the South-to-North Water transfer Project and the largest drinking water source protection area in China. Agricultural non-point source pollution is the primary factor affecting its water quality. It is of great significance to reasonably estimate the loss of agricultural non-point source pollutants in its water source area to ensure the water quality of the reservoir. On the basis of field investigation, the loss of TNN TP in Henan Province in the source region of Danjiangkou Reservoir in 2013 is estimated by using fractal theory. Compared with the results of the output coefficient method, the two methods show that nitrogen is the main pollutant loss in this area. The results of fractal theory show that TN loss is 7.156 times as much as TP loss (output coefficient is 6.773g). 69.93% of the total loss (the output coefficient method is 70.28%), the amount of pollutants lost from the farmland chemical fertilizer accounts for 21.99% of the total loss amount (the output coefficient method is 21.74%); whether the total amount of TNT loss or the total loss of both, The P value (bilateral) of the two algorithms is less than 0.05, which is statistically significant. The fractal method takes into account the influence of the underlying surface on the loss of pollutants, while the output coefficient method simply equalizes the loss rate of each region. Therefore, the results obtained by fractal method are more reliable than that by output coefficient method. The study shows that it is appropriate to use fractal method to study regional non-point source pollution, and it also extends the calculation method of watershed scale non-point source pollution.
【作者单位】：黄河水文水资源科学研究院;河南省水文水资源局;郑州大学水利与环境学院;河南省水土保持监督监测总站;
【基金】：河南省科技攻关计划项目(GG201412)
【分类号】：X524;X71

【参考文献】