复合微生物肥料圆盘造粒工艺研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 23:16

本文选题：复合微生物肥料　切入点：化学肥料　出处：《土壤通报》2016年03期

【摘要】："全元"复合微生物肥料集化肥速效、有机肥长效和生物肥增效于一体,使肥料养分释放均衡持久,达到使作物增产增收的目的。但目前"全元"复合微生物肥料多为粉状,具有容易结块,大小不均,不利于机械化施用等缺点,将肥料造粒成为生产实际的迫切需求。首先利用生物有机肥添加一定配比无机化肥形成不同养分"全元"复合微生物肥料,进而利用圆盘造粒机研究了复合微生物肥料造粒工艺。结果表明,原料粉碎细度,水分和肥料配方对复合微生物肥料成粒效果均有影响;原料细度方面,只过18目筛的混合原料造粒效果最好,成粒所需水分最低,原料过细容易产生大颗粒,造粒不均匀;生物有机肥造粒所需水分最高,随着加入无机化肥的比例增加,肥料造粒所需水分呈下降趋势;同时添加无机氮磷钾的配方成粒效果好,且无机养分比重对成粒有影响;无机化肥中过磷酸钙能明显增加肥料黏性,硫酸铵和氯化钾增加黏性的效果不明显。结论:"全元"复合微生物肥料同时添加无机氮磷钾造粒时,无需添加工业粘结剂即可有效成粒,成粒均匀且效率高,同时,生产实际中只需粉碎原料后过18目筛即可达到造粒要求。
[Abstract]:"whole element" compound microbial fertilizer is an effective fertilizer, organic fertilizer has long effect and biological fertilizer increase efficiency, which makes fertilizer nutrient release balanced and lasting, and achieves the purpose of increasing crop yield and income. But at present, "all element" compound microbial fertilizer is mostly powdery. It has the disadvantages of easy agglomeration, uneven size, bad mechanization and so on. It is an urgent need to granulate fertilizer. Firstly, biological organic fertilizer is added to inorganic fertilizer with certain proportion to form "all-element" compound microbial fertilizer with different nutrients. The granulation technology of compound microbial fertilizer was studied by using disc granulator. The results showed that the granulation effect of compound microbial fertilizer was affected by raw material crushing fineness, moisture content and fertilizer formula. The mixed raw materials with only 18 mesh sieve have the best granulation effect, the minimum water content is needed for granulation, and the large grain size is easy to be produced when the raw material is too fine, and the water content required for bio-organic fertilizer granulation is the highest, with the increase of the proportion of inorganic fertilizer added, The moisture content of fertilizer granulation showed a decreasing trend, and the formula of adding inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium had a good effect on granulation, and the specific proportion of inorganic nutrients had an effect on the granulation, and calcium superphosphate in inorganic fertilizer could obviously increase the viscosity of fertilizer. The effect of ammonium sulfate and potassium chloride on viscosity increase is not obvious. Conclusion: when adding inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to compound microbial fertilizer at the same time, it can be effectively granulated without adding industrial binder, and the granulation is uniform and efficient, at the same time, In practice, only crushing raw materials after 18 mesh sieve can meet the requirements of granulation.
【作者单位】：江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心国家有机类肥料工程技术研究中心农业部长江中下游植物营养与肥料重点实验室南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院;南京农业大学淮安研究院;山东省产品质量检验研究院;
【基金】：国家“863”计划项目(2013AA102802) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(KYZ2015197和KYCYL201502) 南京市科技计划项目(201505041) 国家自然科学基金项目(31572212) 国家大学生创新训练项目(201510307025) ‘青蓝工程’资助
【分类号】：TQ446

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