酵母粗蛋白及氨基酸含量对甜果螨及以其饲喂的加州新小绥螨繁育的影响

发布时间：2018-03-27 17:17

本文选题：加州新小绥螨　切入点：甜果螨　出处：《中国农业科学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：加州新小绥螨Neoseiulus(Amblyseius)californicus具有较高的生物防治潜力,能够防治多种害虫害螨。目前,大量繁殖加州新小绥螨的方法依赖于自然猎物叶螨及叶螨的寄主植物。近期研究发现加州新小绥螨可用替代猎物甜果螨Carpoglyphus lactis进行饲养。然而,加州新小绥螨取食甜果螨与取食叶螨相比存在发育历期延长、产卵量下降等问题。一些研究发现猎物外源营养可能通过猎物传递给天敌,从而影响天敌的发育繁殖,因此可通过改善猎物营养水平来提高天敌的生物学性状。本文采用7种蛋白含量不同的市售酵母粉饲养甜果螨作为加州新小绥螨的替代猎物,研究食物-替代猎物-加州新小绥螨三者之间的营养传递关系,以提高加州新小绥螨的生产效率,结果如下:用7种蛋白含量不同的酵母粉饲养甜果螨,研究对甜果螨种群增长的影响。研究表明用蛋白含量为23.86%、40.29%和45.37%的酵母粉饲养甜果螨,甜果螨种群增长较快,分别在第28.00天、21.00天和23.60天达到最大值,最大增长倍数分别为117.05倍、167.48倍和115.42倍。用蛋白含量为25.90%、32.40%的酵母粉饲养甜果螨,甜果螨种群数小,最大增长倍数不足10.00倍。用蛋白含量为1.46%、1.72%的酵母粉饲养甜果螨,甜果螨种群数下降。通过分析甜果螨种群的最大增长倍数、上升期日均增长率和上升期长度与酵母粉中氨基酸含量的相关性发现,甜果螨的发育繁殖可能受到天门冬氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、胱氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸的影响。选择能够使甜果螨快速增长的三种酵母粉(蛋白含量为23.86%、40.29%和45.37%),研究酵母粉中营养通过甜果螨对加州新小绥螨的影响。用以上三种酵母粉饲养甜果螨测的其体内可溶性蛋白含量分别为67.00、60.53、78.25mg/g。以此三种营养水平不同的甜果螨大量繁殖加州新小绥螨,加州新小绥螨种群分别在第21.00天、21.00天和28.00天达到稳定值,最大增长倍数分别为4.65倍、5.79倍和12.40倍。用蛋白含量为23.86%、45.37%的酵母粉饲养替代猎物甜果螨,再饲养单头加州新小绥螨研究其生命表参数,并与前期试验中以蛋白含量为40.29%的酵母粉饲养替代猎物甜果螨所得的加州新小绥螨生命表数据(蒋洪丽,2013)相比较,发现以蛋白含量为23.86%、45.37%的酵母粉作为替代猎物甜果螨的食物时,加州新小绥螨的内禀增长率(0.15,0.14)高于以蛋白含量为40.29%的酵母粉作为替代猎物食物时加州新小绥螨的内禀增长率(0.08)。此外,以蛋白含量为45.37%的酵母粉作为替代猎物食物时,加州新小绥螨的净增值率最高(10.61)。本研究结果显示,以蛋白含量为45.37%的酵母粉作为替代猎物甜果螨的食物,最有利于加州新小绥螨的规模化生产。
[Abstract]:Neoseiulus(Amblyseius)californicus, Calif., has a high biocontrol potential and is able to control a variety of pests and mites. The method of breeding Neoseia Calif relies heavily on natural prey Tetranychus and the host plants of Tetranychus. Recent studies have found that Neoseia Calif can be bred instead of Carpoglyphus lactis, its prey. However, Some studies have found that exogenous nutrition of prey may be transmitted to natural enemies through prey, thus affecting the development and reproduction of natural enemies. Therefore, the biological characters of natural enemies can be improved by improving the nutritional level of prey. In order to improve the production efficiency, the nutritional transfer relationship among food substitute prey and new Suiyidae California was studied. The results were as follows: the yeast powder with different protein content was used to raise sweet fruit mites. The results showed that yeast powder containing 23.860.29% and 45.37% protein increased rapidly, and reached its maximum value at 28.00 days, 21.00 days and 23.60 days, respectively. The maximum growth times were 117.05 times, 167.48 times and 115.42 times, respectively. The yeast powder containing 25.90% protein and 32.40% protein were used to feed the sweet fruit mites. The population of the sweet fruit mites was small, and the maximum growth multiple was less than 10.00 times. The yeast powder containing 1.46% protein was used to feed the sweet fruit mites, and the protein content of the yeast powder was 1.72%. By analyzing the maximum growth times of the population, the daily average growth rate and the length of the rising period and the amino acid content in yeast powder, it was found that the development and reproduction of sweet fruit mites might be caused by aspartic acid. Threonine, serine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, arginine, cystine, leucine, The effect of proline. Three kinds of yeast powder (protein content are 23.86% 40.29% and 45.37%) were selected to study the effect of the nutrition of yeast powder on Suiseipidae California. The above three kinds of yeast powder were used to feed sweet fruit. The soluble protein content measured by mites was 67.00 ~ 60.53% ~ 78.25 mg / g, respectively. The population reached a stable value on day 21.00 and day 28.00, respectively. The maximum growth times were 4.65 times, 5.79 times and 12.40 times, respectively. The life table parameters of single head of Neoseioseia Calif. Were studied and compared with the life table data (Jiang Hongli 2013), which were obtained by feeding yeast powder containing 40.29% protein instead of sweet fruit mite (Jiang Hongliang 2013). It was found that yeast powder with a protein content of 23.86% and a yeast powder of 45.37% were used as food substitute for sweet fruit mites. The intrinsic growth rate of the mites was 0.150.14) higher than that of the yeast powder containing 40.29% protein as a substitute for prey. In addition, when the protein content was 45.37% yeast powder was used as a substitute for prey food, the intrinsic growth rate was 0.08%. The results showed that the yeast powder with protein content of 45.37% was the most favorable for the large-scale production.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S476.2

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