秸秆覆盖对冬小麦农田土壤有机碳及其组分的影响

发布时间：2018-04-02 07:48

本文选题：秸秆覆盖　切入点：土壤总有机碳　出处：《水土保持学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：通过对黄土高原旱塬区冬小麦地4种覆盖方式下(无覆盖对照处理(CK)、全生育期9 000kg/hm~2秸秆覆盖(M1)、全生育期4 500kg/hm~2秸秆覆盖(M2)和夏闲期9 000kg/hm~2秸秆覆盖(SM))土壤的田间定位试验和室内分析,探讨不同秸秆覆方式对冬小麦地土壤有机碳及其组分含量以及各组分之间相关性的影响。结果表明:(1)较CK(无覆盖对照)处理,M1(全生育期9 000kg/hm~2)、M2(全生育期4 500kg/hm~2)和SM(夏闲期9 000kg/hm~2)处理,均显著增加0—10cm和10—20cm土层的土壤有机碳、微生物量碳、潜在矿化碳和颗粒有机碳含量(p0.05),而20—40cm土层差异不明显,其中M1(全生育期9 000kg/hm~2)处理效果最佳,SM(夏闲期9 000kg/hm~2)处理作用相对较弱。(2)不同覆盖方式影响土壤微生物量碳、潜在矿化碳和颗粒有机碳在总有机碳中的分配比例,土壤微生物量碳、潜在矿化碳和颗粒有机碳的相对含量变化范围分别为1.96%~3.31%,2.83%~3.78%,18.13%~37.25%。(3)各覆盖方式下土壤有机碳及其组分含量都随着土层的逐渐深入而下降,且土层越深,变化越趋于缓慢。(4)不同覆盖方式下的土壤有机碳及其组分含量两两之间均达到了极显著正相关关系(p0.01),颗粒有机碳、微生物量碳和潜在矿化碳与土壤有机碳的相关系数依次为:0.847,0.700,0.614,可见微生物量碳、潜在矿化碳、颗粒有机碳含量在一定程度上决定于土壤有机碳的贮存量。综上所述,秸秆覆盖对土壤有机碳及其组分含量具有增加效应,全生育期9 000kg/hm~2秸秆覆盖方式实际运用价值较高。颗粒有机碳和微生物量碳的动态变化更能反映土壤有机碳的早期变化,是土壤肥力变化更加敏感的指标。
[Abstract]:Based on the plateau region of the Loess Plateau in winter wheat under 4 kinds of coverage (coverage control treatment (CK), 9 000kg/hm~2 in the whole growing period of straw mulching (M1), 4 500kg/hm~2 in the whole growing period of straw mulching (M2) and summer fallow period 9 000kg/hm~2 straw mulching (SM)) field experiment and laboratory analysis of soil to explore the different ways of straw cover, content and the correlation between the components of winter wheat to soil organic carbon and its group. The results showed that: (1) compared with CK (no cover control), M1 (9 000kg/hm~2 in the whole growing period (M2), whole growth period of 4 500kg and SM (/hm~2) in summer fallow period 9 000kg/hm~2) treatment significantly increased soil organic carbon of 0 - 10cm and 10 - 20cm soil layer, microbial biomass carbon, organic carbon content and carbon mineralization potential (P0.05), and the 20 particle 40cm layer difference is not obvious, the M1 (the whole growth period of 9 000kg/hm~2) the best treatment effect, SM (summer fallow period 9 000kg/hm~2) treatment With relatively weak. (2) effects of soil microbial biomass carbon of different mulching methods, potential mineralization of carbon and particulate organic carbon distribution in the proportion of total organic carbon, soil microbial biomass carbon, the variation range of the relative content of potentially mineralizable carbon and particulate organic carbon were 1.96%~3.31%, 2.83%~ 3.78%, 18.13%~37.25%. (3) of various mulching methods the soil organic carbon content and its components were decreased with the soil gradually, and the deeper soil, change more slowly. (4) of different mulching methods on soil organic carbon content and composition of 22 reached a very significant positive correlation (P0.01), particulate organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and correlation coefficient and the potential carbon mineralization and soil organic carbon were 0.847,0.700,0.614, the microbial biomass carbon, carbon mineralization potential, and storage of particulate organic carbon content in a certain extent depends on the soil organic carbon. In summary, straw Stalk mulching on soil organic carbon content and composition with increasing effect, way of covering the whole growth period of 9 000kg/hm~2 straw application value is high. The dynamic changes of particulate organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon can reflect the early changes of soil organic carbon, soil fertility index is more sensitive to changes.

【作者单位】：西北大学城市与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31570440)
【分类号】：S153.6

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