三种剂型烯啶虫胺在不同生态区稻田环境中的消解动态及残留规律研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 08:28

本文选题：烯啶虫胺　切入点：水稻　出处：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文研究建立了稻米等样品中烯啶虫胺残留量检测方法,研究了三种剂型烯啶虫胺在我国不同生态区稻田环境中的消解动态和最终残留规律。研究为测定稻米和环境样品中烯啶虫胺残留量提供了方法,为评价烯啶虫胺环境安全性和残留毒理、制定烯啶虫胺在水稻上合理使用标准提供科学依据。主要研究结论有：(1)建立了稻米、稻田土壤、水、植株、稻壳样品中烯啶虫胺残留量的高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测方法,各类型样品中方法的最低检出浓度分别为：0.05 mg/kg.0.05 mg/kg、0.01 mg/L、0.05 mg/kg、0.10 mg/kg,添加回收率为82.36%-97.10%,变异系数为1.41%～5.15%,该检测方法可应用于农药残留毒理研究、稻米贸易和质量监控、环境监测等领域。(2)在模拟稻田土壤和水中烯啶虫胺的消解均符合一级化学反应动力学方程,烯啶虫胺原药在稻田土壤和水中消解的半衰期分别为16.2 h、6.9 h,而可湿性粉剂烯啶虫胺消解的半衰期分别为18.5 h、8.4 h。结果表明烯啶虫胺在模拟稻田环境中消解迅速,半衰期短,且可湿性粉剂烯啶虫胺半衰期比原药烯啶虫胺长。(3)50%烯啶虫胺可溶性粉剂、50%烯啶虫胺可湿性粉剂、5%烯啶虫胺超低容量液剂三种剂型烯啶虫胺在湖南水稻植株上消解的平均半衰期分别为2.5 d、1.9 d、1.0 d。表明烯啶虫胺因剂型的不同,在水稻植株消解速率有差异,其消解率表现为：超低容量液剂可湿性粉剂可溶性粉剂,这与农药本身的属性及其施药方式有关。(4)三种烯啶虫胺在长江中下游丘陵地区(长沙)、东北平原地区(长春)、云贵高原地区(贵阳)三个不同自然生态区水稻植株上的消解均符合一级化学反应动力学方程式,半衰期分别为1.8±0.7d、2.3±0.6 d、1.9±0.3 d。表明在不同自然生态区,烯啶虫胺在水稻植株上消解较快,消解速率存在差异性,平均半衰期之间的差异在2d范围内。(5)在试验条件下,三种剂型烯啶虫胺按推荐施药剂量和高剂量(推荐施药剂量的1.5倍)对水稻植株施药,一季水稻最多施药3次(或4次),施药间隔7-14天,最后一次施药后7天、14天、21天(或14天、21天、28天)收获的稻谷,测定稻米中烯啶虫胺残留量均为未检出(0.05 mg/kg),低于日本制定的大米中烯啶虫胺的MRL值0.5 mg/kg。(6)综合试验结果,烯啶虫胺在水稻植株上消解迅速,半衰期均小于3.5 d；我国三个自然生态区自然条件下,三种剂型烯啶虫胺在水稻上按照推荐剂量和方法施用,14 d以上收获的稻谷的稻米中均未检出烯啶虫胺残留量(小于最低检出浓度0.05 mg/kg)。根据以上试验结果可以制定我国烯啶虫胺在水稻上合理使用技术标准。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a method was established for the determination of enolidomide residues in rice and other samples. The degradation dynamics and final residues of three formulations of pyridine in paddy field environment of different ecological regions in China were studied. The results provided a method for the determination of the residues of pyridine in rice and environmental samples. In order to evaluate the environmental safety and residual toxicology of pyridamine, the scientific basis was provided for the reasonable use of ethylenebutylamine in rice. The main conclusions were as follows: 1) the rice, paddy soil, water and plant were established. High performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of Thiopramidine residues in Rice husk samples. The lowest detectable concentration of this method was: 0. 05 mg/kg.0.05 / kg 路kg ~ (-1) mg 路L ~ (0.05) mg / kg ~ (0.05) mg / kg ~ 0. 10 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1), the recovery rate was 82.36 ~ 97.10%, and the coefficient of variation was 1.41% ~ 5.15%. This method could be used in pesticide residue toxicology, rice trade and quality control. In the field of environmental monitoring and other fields, the digestion of pyridamine in simulated paddy soil and water accords with the kinetic equation of first-order chemical reaction. The half-life of prolamine in soil and water was 16.2 h and 6.9 h, respectively, while that of wettable powder was 18.5 h and 8.4 h respectively. And the half life of the wettable powder was longer than that of the original drug. It was 50% ethylenemide soluble powder. The three kinds of formulations were digested on Hunan rice plant with 5% sulfamethylamine ultra low volume liquid and the other three kinds of formulations were digested on the rice plant of Hunan Province. The mean half-life was 2.5 d ~ 1.9 d ~ (-1) d ~ (-1), respectively. The rate of digestion of rice plants was different, and the digestion rate was as follows: ultra low volume liquid agent, wettable powder, soluble powder, This is related to the properties of the pesticide and its application mode.) three kinds of pyridine were planted in the hilly areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (Changsha, Northeast Plain (Changchun, Guizhou) and Yun-Guizhou Plateau (Guiyang). The digestion on the plant is in accordance with the first-order chemical reaction kinetic equation. The mean half-life was 1.8 卤0.7 days, 2.3 卤0.6 days and 1.9 卤0.3 days, respectively. The results showed that in different natural ecological regions, the degradation rate of triamethylenebutylamine was faster and the rate of degradation was different. The difference of mean half-life was within the range of 2 days. Three kinds of formulations were applied to rice plants according to recommended dosage and high dose (1.5 times of recommended dose). The rice plants were treated with 3 times (or 4 times) at a time interval of 7-14 days. After 7 days, 14 days, 21 days (or 14 days, 21 days and 28 days) of the rice harvest, the results of comprehensive test showed that the residual amount of pyridine in rice was 0. 05 mg / kg ~ (-1), which was lower than the MRL value of 0. 5 mg / kg 路kg ~ (6) in rice prepared by Japan. The half life was less than 3.5 days in rice plants, and the half life was less than 3.5 days in the three natural ecological regions of China. According to the recommended dosage and method, none of the three formulations of pyridamine residue (less than 0.05 mg 路kg ~ (-1)) was detected in rice harvested for more than 14 days (< 0.05 mg 路kg ~ (-1)). Chinese technical standard for rational use of enolidomide in rice.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X592

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