基于农户视角的塔城草原生态补偿效益研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 16:01

本文选题：新疆塔城　切入点：草原生态补偿　出处：《石河子大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：草地生态系统是中国面积最大的陆地生态系统,是维持生态系统平衡的重要植被类型之一,同时也是部分少数民族生存和发展的物质基础,在我国的国民经济发展和生态环境可持续中具有十分重要的作用。草原生态补偿是一项具有战略意义的政策,是国家为进一步改善部分地区的草原生态环境而提出的,同时对促进牧区经济可持续发展有同等重要的意义,草原生态补偿政策的实施,对一个国家的生态安全和经济可持续发展意义重大。以新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区的草原生态补偿为研究对象,以农牧户实地访谈调查为基础,以政策实施前后农牧户的资本、行为和效用变化为比较,运用模糊综合分析的方法对塔城地区草原生态补偿的自然资本、物质资本、金融资本、社会资本、人力资本、行为态度、行为意愿、行为响应、经济效用、社会效用和生态效用这些准则层所包括的23个指标进行了系统分析研究,并在此基础上,对草原生态补偿自实施以来的效益进行了客观评估。本文中所研究的草原生态补偿的效益即农户资本、行为和效用的变化情况。同时,借鉴生态资本化理论、行为科学理论和计划行为理论,阐明了草原生态补偿的理论依据,并就塔城草原生态补偿所面临的实际问题以及相关的政策与措施进行了有益的探讨与研究。基于微观层面的草原生态补偿效益研究,对塔城地区的草原生态建设有积极的影响,对农牧民的生活水平提高、当地畜牧业的发展都有重要的意义。塔城地区草原生态补偿存在的问题及解决方案,对新疆草原生态建设具有同等重要的意义。此外,对我国草原地区生态保护的顺利进行和草原功能区生态补偿政策与机制的建立具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Grassland ecosystem is the largest terrestrial ecosystem in China. It is one of the important vegetation types to maintain ecosystem balance, and it is also the material basis for the survival and development of some ethnic minorities.It plays an important role in the development of national economy and the sustainability of ecological environment.Grassland ecological compensation is a strategic policy, which is put forward by the state to further improve the grassland ecological environment in some areas, and it is equally important to promote the sustainable development of pastoral economy.The implementation of grassland ecological compensation policy is of great significance to a country's ecological security and sustainable economic development.Taking the grassland ecological compensation in the Tacheng area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region as the research object, based on the field interview and investigation of farmers and pastoralists, the paper compares the capital, behavior and utility changes of agricultural and pastoral households before and after the implementation of the policy.Using the method of fuzzy comprehensive analysis, the natural capital, material capital, financial capital, social capital, human capital, behavior attitude, behavior will, behavioral response, economic utility of grassland ecological compensation in Tacheng area are analyzed.The 23 indexes of social utility and ecological utility which are included in these criteria are systematically analyzed and studied. On this basis, the benefit of grassland ecological compensation since its implementation is evaluated objectively.The benefit of grassland ecological compensation in this paper is the change of peasant household capital, behavior and utility.At the same time, drawing lessons from ecological capitalization theory, behavioral science theory and planning behavior theory, the theoretical basis of grassland ecological compensation is expounded.The practical problems and relevant policies and measures of ecological compensation in Tacheng grassland are also discussed and studied.The study on the benefit of grassland ecological compensation based on micro level has a positive effect on grassland ecological construction in Tacheng area, and it is of great significance to the improvement of living standard of farmers and herdsmen and the development of local animal husbandry.The problems and solutions of grassland ecological compensation in Tacheng area are of equal significance to Xinjiang grassland ecological construction.In addition, it can be used for reference for the smooth progress of ecological protection in grassland areas and the establishment of ecological compensation policies and mechanisms in grassland functional areas.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6;F323.212

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