苏州市农田-畜禽-家庭系统废弃物氮的量化及其环境影响

发布时间：2018-04-04 22:08

  本文选题：苏州市　切入点：农田生产　出处：《土壤》2017年05期

【摘要】：为了解食物链过程废弃物氮流情况及其环境影响,以我国经济发达地区苏州市为对象,基于农田生产-畜禽养殖-家庭消费系统,使用清单核算方法,估算了该市农田种植、畜禽养殖及家庭食物消费活动产生的废弃物氮量,并对废弃物氮的资源化利用水平及环境影响状况进行了评价。结果表明:苏州市农田生产-畜禽养殖-家庭消费系统一年共产生废弃物氮5.35万t,其中59.76%来自居民食物消费活动,57.53%损失进入环境。秸秆氮、畜禽粪尿氮、餐厨垃圾氮和人粪尿氮的资源化率分别为84.03%、49.26%、37.72%和21.99%。1.70万t废弃物氮进入水环境,造成的水体氮浓度达到4.3 mg/L,是Ⅲ类水环境质量标准的4.3倍;大气环境废弃物氮负荷量0.58万t,其主要来自粪尿废弃物,并以氨氮形态为主;废弃物氮的农田负荷警戒值为0.15~0.22,属Ⅰ级无污染水平。通径分析表明人口因素和政策科技因素是影响废弃物氮环境排放的两个最主要驱动因素。本文建议苏州市在农业生产中增施粪尿有机肥,在废弃物管理中通过秸秆多样化利用、粪尿科学管理以及餐厨垃圾专门处理等综合措施来改善当地环境污染状况。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the situation of nitrogen flow in food chain process waste and its environmental impact, based on the farmland production, livestock breeding and household consumption system, the farmland planting in Suzhou City, an economically developed region of China, was estimated by using the inventory accounting method.The amount of waste nitrogen produced by livestock and poultry breeding and household food consumption was evaluated. The utilization level of waste nitrogen and its environmental impact were evaluated.The results showed that 53500 tons of nitrogen was produced by the system of farm production, livestock and poultry breeding and household consumption in Suzhou City a year, 59.76% of which came from the food consumption activities of residents and 57.53% of them were lost to the environment.The utilization rates of straw nitrogen, animal manure and urine nitrogen, food waste nitrogen and human fecal urine nitrogen were 84.03%, 49.26% and 21.99.17 million tons respectively. The nitrogen concentration in water reached 4.3 mg / L, which was 4.3 times higher than that of Class 鈪，

本文编号：1711894