滩涂垦区不同盐分水平土壤的盐分动态及土壤因子变化

发布时间：2018-04-12 17:48

本文选题：盐碱土 + 滩涂围垦　；参考：《江苏农业学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：为探明滩涂新围垦区不同盐分水平土壤的盐分季节性变化规律的差异性,以及土壤盐分与土壤因子之间的关系,2014年5月-2015年5月,在江苏省沿海滩涂围垦区,设置不同盐分水平(低盐,含盐量0.1%~0.2%;中盐,含盐量0.5%~0.7%;高盐,含盐量1.0%以上)的田间试验,监测了土壤电导率(EC1∶5)和土壤因子(0~40.0 cm)的季节性动态变化。结果表明:(1)高盐土壤盐分具有明显的季节性变化规律,表现为6-8月雨季土壤EC1∶5降到最低值2.54 d S/m,9-12月积盐作用明显,且在10月EC1∶5达到最大值6.49 d S/m;中盐土壤盐分具有一定程度的季节性变化规律,表现为在10-12月具有明显的积盐效果,且在10月EC1∶5达到最大值3.90 d S/m;低盐土壤盐分没有明显的季节性变化规律。(2)不同盐分水平下,土壤水分和pH1∶5值(除高盐土壤外)均没有明显的季节性变化规律。(3)滩涂围垦地区,在0-40.0 cm土层中,土壤EC1∶5与pH1∶5值之间有极显著的负相关(P0.01),而与土壤水分含量和土壤温度均没有明显的相关性。总之,该地区土壤盐分水平越高,雨季土壤表层脱盐越明显,秋季和初冬季节积盐越明显。因此,在滩涂围垦区农业利用时,应在雨季前(3-5月)或秋季前(8-9月)采取人为措施(如秸秆覆盖等),加速土壤降盐或控盐,以达到农作物生产的要求。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the difference of the seasonal variation of soil salinity and the relationship between soil salinity and soil factors in the new reclamation area of tidal flat, from May 2014 to May 2015, in the coastal tidal flat reclamation area of Jiangsu Province,In October, the EC1:5 reached the maximum value of 6.49dS / m, and the salt content in the medium salt soil showed seasonal variation to a certain extent, which showed that the salt accumulation effect was obvious in October and December.In October, the maximum value of EC1:5 was 3.90dS / m; the salt content of low-salt soil had no obvious seasonal variation.Soil moisture and pH1:5 value (except for high-salt soil) have no obvious seasonal variation rule. 3. In the 0-40.0 cm soil layer, there is no obvious seasonal variation rule.There was a significant negative correlation between soil EC1:5 and pH1:5, but no significant correlation with soil moisture content and soil temperature.In a word, the higher the soil salt content in this area, the more obvious the surface layer desalination in rainy season, and the more obvious the salt accumulation in autumn and early winter.Therefore, artificial measures (such as straw mulch, etc.) should be taken before rainy season (3-5 months) or autumn (August to September) to accelerate soil salt reduction or salt control so as to meet the requirements of crop production.
【作者单位】：江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所;江苏省如东县气象局;
【基金】：江苏省自主创新基金探索性项目[CX(14)5096] 南通市科技项目-应用基础研究项目(MS12016047)
【分类号】：S156.4

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