植被过滤带水土保持和水质净化效益研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 00:09

本文选题：植被过滤带 + 水土保持　；参考：《北京林业大学学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：植被过滤带是水土保持和面源污染防控的重要措施之一。本研究于2016年8月在鹫峰人工降雨大厅通过土槽植草冲刷试验,观测不同宽度和坡度的植被过滤带(高羊茅)对地表径流、总悬浮物(TSS)以及污染物(TN、TP、K)的削减效果,定量分析植被过滤带宽度、坡度及入流流量大小等因素对植被过滤带径流拦蓄、TSS拦截和水质净化效益的影响。结果表明:植被过滤带的宽度对径流拦蓄效益影响较大,宽度为1、3和5 m植被过滤带的径流削减率分别为25.9%、79.6%、79.7%;污染物(TN、TP、K)削减率随着宽度逐渐增大,分别为51.7%~92.9%、44.4%~98.8%、31.7%~97.9%;TSS削减率分别为97.6%、99.4%和77.4%。随着坡度的增加(3°、7°和10°),径流和TSS的削减率呈逐渐减小趋势。对于同一个植被过滤带而言,较小的入流流量所对应的径流和TSS削减率较大,而污染物负荷削减率较小。研究表明,植被过滤带能有效拦蓄径流、拦截悬浮固体等污染物质,具有较好水土保持和水质净化效益。
[Abstract]:Vegetation filtration zone is one of the important measures for soil and water conservation and non-point source pollution control.In August 2016, in Jiufeng artificial rainfall hall, the effect of vegetation filter belt (tall fescue) with different widths and slopes on surface runoff, total suspended matter (TSSs) and pollutants (TNT TPK) was observed through soil trough grass erosion experiment.The effects of the width of vegetation filter zone, slope and inflow flow on TSS interception and water quality purification benefit were analyzed quantitatively.With the increase of slope, the reduction rate of runoff and TSS decreased gradually.For the same vegetation filtration zone, the runoff and TSS reduction rate corresponding to the smaller inflow flow rate is larger, while the pollutant load reduction rate is smaller.The study shows that the vegetation filter belt can effectively block runoff, intercept suspended solid and other pollutants, and have better soil and water conservation and water quality purification benefits.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学水土保持学院;北京市水土保持工程技术研究中心;北京林业大学园林学院;
【基金】：北京林业大学大学生创新创业训练项目(201610022014)
【分类号】：S157;X52

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