水稻秸秆还田时间对土壤真菌群落结构的影响

发布时间：2018-04-13 00:12

本文选题：桔秆还田 + 多样性　；参考：《生态学报》2017年13期

【摘要】：为揭示水稻秸秆还田对土壤真菌群落结构的长期影响,采用荧光定量PCR和PCR-DGGE技术分析了秸秆还田90,180,270 d和360 d的土壤真菌基因丰度和群落结构组成演变趋势,并利用冗余分析(RDA)研究土壤真菌群落结构变化与环境因子的关系。结果表明:随着秸秆还田时间的增加,土壤真菌群体数量和多样性指数(H、R和E)显著增加,在360 d时达到最高。对DGGE图谱的特征条带进行胶回收、测序,系统进化分析表明,土壤真菌主要种群包括:接合菌(Zygomycete sp.)、盐腐霉菌(Pythium salinum)、肉盘菌(Uncultured Sarcosomataceae)、牛粪盘菌(Ascobolus stercorarius)、大链壶菌(Lagenidium giganteum)、青霉菌(Penicillium sp.)、曲霉属真菌(Aspergillus sp.)和疏绵状丝孢菌(Thermomyces lanuginosus)、灰绿曲霉菌(Aspergillus glaucus)、禾谷多粘菌(Polymyxa graminis)和枝顶孢霉菌(Acremonium sp.),其中青霉菌(Penicillium sp.)、曲霉属真菌(Aspergillus sp.)和枝顶孢霉菌(Acremonium sp.)具有纤维素降解能力,而枝顶孢霉菌(Acremonium sp.)在90 d时成为新的优势菌群。RDA分析表明,90 d和180 d秸秆还田与对照土壤的真菌群落结构较为类似,270 d和360 d的秸秆还田与对照土壤的真菌群落结构发生了明显变化。土壤有机碳、pH和速效磷是引起土壤真菌群落结构及多样性变异的主要因素。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the long-term effect of returning rice straw to soil fungal community structure, the genetic abundance of soil fungi and the evolution trend of community structure composition were analyzed by fluorescence quantitative PCR and PCR-DGGE techniques at 90180270 and 360d after straw returning to the field.The relationship between soil fungal community structure and environmental factors was studied by redundancy analysis (RDA).The results showed that with the increase of straw returning time, the population number and diversity index of soil fungi increased significantly, and reached the highest level at 360 days.The characteristic bands of DGGE were recovered by gel, sequenced and phylogenetic analysis showed that,And Thermomyces lanuginosuschus, Aspergillus glaucusus, Polymyxa graminisus and Acremonium sp. among them Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp.)And Acremonium sp.)It has the ability to degrade cellulose, while Acremonium sp.)The results of RDA analysis showed that the fungal community structure of straw returning to field was similar to that of control soil at 90 d and 180 d, which was similar to that of control soil at 270 d and 360 d.Soil organic carbon pH and available phosphorus were the main factors that caused the variation of soil fungal community structure and diversity.
【作者单位】：上海市农业科学院生物技术研究所;复旦大学生命科学学院;浙江农林大学环境与资源学院;德州市农业科学研究院;上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31500461) 上海市农委科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2015)第4-3号) 上海市市级农口系统青年人才成长计划(沪农青字(2015)第1-30号) 上海市农科院青年科技人员“助跑”计划(ZP17);上海市农科院科技发展基金(农科发2013(03)
【分类号】：S141.4;S154.3

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