线区域尺度土壤水分传感系统的研究与开发

发布时间：2018-04-14 19:56

本文选题：土壤水分 + 采集　；参考：《北京林业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市林业和绿化的不断发展与城市水资源紧缺的矛盾日益加剧,园林绿化植物的群体甚至个体如树木的根区土壤水分分布差异性大,监测植物根区区域尺度上的土壤水分以实现变量精准灌溉有着巨大的社会以及经济效益。传统监测手段以其测量范围可以分为点测量和面测量,论文设计了一种测量范围为线测量的土壤水分传感系统,它仅使用1个基于频域振荡法的土壤水分传感器就能够测量线区域尺度上的土壤水分,测量精度能够媲美点测量,优于面测量,同时测量范围大于点测量,测量植物根区土壤水分的成本远低于传统点测量的方案。论文从电介质物理学和电磁场理论出发,首先设计了基于介电法中的频域振荡法的环状电极土壤水分传感器。接着设计了线区域土壤水分传感系统的机械机构和以STM32型单片机为核心的系统控制器,系统主体结构为“U”型PVC套管,两端为步进电机,拖拽土壤水分传感器在横向的PVC套管中运动。最后进行了一系列实验室环境下的传感器性能检测试验,结果表明传感系统具有良好的准确性、动态响应性能、稳定性、定位精度,能够很好的响应水分变化,具备了实际应用的条件。在此基础上,将传感系统与6个BD-Ⅲ型土壤水分传感器安装在野外环境下,埋设深度为30cm,同时在现场架设1台Vantage Pro 2型无线自动气象站,试验表明：传感系统测量精度能够媲美BD-Ⅲ型土壤水分传感器；30cm深度处的土壤水分在无降雨或浇灌时短期内基本保持稳定；传感系统能够检测到因降雨或浇灌而引起的土壤水分的变化情况,同时其数据反映了土壤的滞后性、达西定律所描绘的规律。综上所述,设计的线区域土壤水分传感系统具有良好的准确性、稳定性以及可靠性,能够实际用于植物根区土壤水分监测或其他土壤水分测量相关领域,为精准变量灌溉提供了一个有效的手段。
[Abstract]:City greening and forestry development and the shortage of city water resource contradiction intensifies, the landscape plant groups and even individual such as soil moisture distribution of root zone differences of trees, soil moisture monitoring area of the plant root zone on the scale to achieve the variable precision irrigation has a great social and economic benefits. The traditional monitoring methods to the measurement range can be divided into point measurement and measurement, this paper designs a measuring range of soil moisture sensing system for line measurement, it uses only 1 soil moisture sensor based on frequency oscillation method can measure soil moisture in line on a regional scale, the measurement precision can match point measurement is better than the surface measurement. At the same time measuring range greater than point measurement, measurement of soil moisture in plant root zone is much cheaper than traditional point measurement scheme. The dielectric physics and electromagnetic theory, The first design of frequency oscillation method in the dielectric ring electrode based on soil moisture sensor. Then design the mechanical line of regional soil moisture sensing system and a system controller with STM32 MCU as the core of the system, the main structure of the "U" type PVC casing, both ends of the stepper motor, drag the soil moisture sensor in motion the transverse PVC casing. Finally the test sensor performance test of a series of laboratory environment. The results show that the sensor system has good accuracy, dynamic performance, stability, accuracy, and can change in response to moisture is very good, with the actual condition. On this basis, the sensing system with 6 BD- type soil moisture sensor installed in the outdoor environment, the buried depth is 30cm, and the erection of 1 Vantage Pro in the field of type 2 wireless automatic weather station, sensing test showed that: The measurement accuracy of the system can be comparable to the BD- type soil moisture sensor; soil moisture at the depth of 30cm in the short term rainfall or water remained stable; sensing system can detect the change of soil moisture caused by rainfall or irrigation, while the data reflects the lag of soil, Darcy's law described by law line. To sum up, regional soil moisture sensor system design with good accuracy, stability and reliability, can be used for soil moisture monitoring plant root zone soil moisture measurement or other related fields, and provides an effective means for precision variable irrigation.

【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S152.7

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