杀虫剂三唑磷在室内淡水微宇宙中的生态效应

发布时间：2018-04-15 04:26

本文选题：三唑磷 + 水生微宇宙　；参考：《生态毒理学报》2016年03期

【摘要】：作为一种中等毒性的有机磷杀虫剂,三唑磷在稻区的使用十分普遍。为弄清其对淡水生态系统的影响,选择5组浓度(0、0.35、1.75、17.5、52.5μg·L~(-1)),在以藻类作为营养源的室内微宇宙系统内进行研究,采用多变量分析软件CANOCO 5对数据进行分析。非限制性排序和多重比较的结果表明,给药后0~6 d,三唑磷对于浮游动物群落的最高无作用浓度(NOEC_(community))和最低有效浓度(LOEC_(community))分别为17.5μg·L~(-1)和52.5μg·L~(-1)。给药后第9天,最高浓度组(52.5μg·L~(-1))的群落结构开始恢复,此刻三唑磷在水中的实测浓度平均值为4.35μg·L~(-1)。对于单个物种种群密度做差异显著性分析和多重比较,结果显示浮游动物当中受影响最大的是绿色湖湾介Strandesia viridis。给药30 d后,该物种在52.5μg·L~(-1)处理组的种群密度明显下降,历时57 d的试验结束时,种群密度仍未恢复到对照水平。对于藻类,非限制性排序和多重比较的结果显示三唑磷在群落层次的影响未达到能够明显区分NOEC_(community)和LOEC_(community)的程度。在单物种层面,在给药后9~12 d,三唑磷对单细胞的羊角月牙藻Selenastrum capricornutum种群有刺激作用。其NOECspecies和LOECspecies分别为1.75μg·L~(-1)和17.5μg·L~(-1)。没有迹象表明三唑磷的引入能够明显改变水体pH、电导、浊度和水体C循环状况。结合暴露评估软件GNEEC(Version 2.0)输出的环境浓度(峰值为2.44μg·L~(-1)),本研究结果显示三唑磷在正常使用剂量下有可能对稻田周边浮游动物群落的内部结构造成扰动,但是它不会对整个系统造成不可恢复的影响。
[Abstract]:As a moderately toxic organophosphorus insecticide, triazophos is widely used in rice fields.In order to find out its influence on freshwater ecosystem, five groups of concentration of 0.35 (1.75) (1.75 渭 g / L) (17.5 渭 g / L) were selected to study the microcosm system with algae as a nutrient source. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis software CANOCO _ (5).The results of non-restrictive sequencing and multiple comparison showed that the maximum nonactive concentration of triazophos to zooplankton community was 17.5 渭 g / L and the lowest effective concentration was 17.5 渭 g / L ~ (-1) and 52.5 渭 g / L ~ (-1), respectively.On the 9th day after administration, the community structure of the highest concentration group (52.5 渭 g / L) began to recover, and the average concentration of triazophos in water was 4.35 渭 g / L ~ (-1).The results showed that Strandesia viridisis was the most affected zooplankton.After 30 days of administration, the population density of the treatment group at 52.5 渭 g / L (-1) significantly decreased, and at the end of 57 days, the population density did not return to the control level.For algae, the results of non-restrictive sequencing and multiple comparisons showed that the effect of triazophos on the community level was not so high as to be able to distinguish NOECS community from LOECT communities.At the single species level, triazophos stimulated the population of Selenastrum capricornutum at 9 ~ 12 days after administration.Its NOECspecies and LOECspecies were 1.75 渭 g / L ~ (-1) and 17.5 渭 g / L ~ (-1) respectively.There is no evidence that the introduction of triazophos can significantly change the pH, conductivity, turbidity and C cycle of water.Combined with exposure assessment software GNEEC(Version 2.0, the environmental concentration (with a peak value of 2.44 渭 g / L) was determined. The results showed that triazophos might disturb the internal structure of zooplankton community around rice field at normal dosage.But it does not have an unrecoverable effect on the system as a whole.
【作者单位】：浙江大学农药与环境毒理研究所;
【基金】：浙江省自然科学基金(LY12B07008)
【分类号】：X171.5;X592

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