厌氧土壤灭菌修复西瓜连作退化土壤（英文）

发布时间：2018-04-16 19:11

本文选题：土壤修复 + 厌氧土壤灭菌法　；参考：《浙江农业学报》2017年07期

【摘要】：采用厌氧土壤灭菌法(anaerobic soil disinfestation,ASD)改良西瓜连作土壤,旨在探讨ASD防治西瓜连作障碍的有效方法。室内试验土壤样品分别取自西瓜连作的旱田(一年中种植一季西瓜和一季其他旱作)和水田(一年中种植一季西瓜和一季水稻)。每类土壤分设5组处理:(1)对照(H1和S1,H代表旱田土,S代表水田土,下同),(2)淹水对照(H2和S2),(3)添加稻草粉末且淹水(H3和S3),(4)添加稻草粉末和硫黄粉且淹水(H4和S4),(5)添加稻草粉末和氨水且淹水(H5和S5)。每组分设15个平行样。各组土壤样品均放入塑料袋内,按上述方法添加物料混匀后,加水、扎口、密封,置于户外露天培养20 d。采用盆栽试验验证ASD改良西瓜连作退化土壤的效果。结果表明,ASD处理后,土样中NO3--N和SO42-的含量显著(P0.05)降低,土壤pH值较对照和淹水对照升高,有效地调节了土壤电导率(EC),尤其是土壤中致病尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum,FON)显著(P0.05)受到抑制。盆栽试验表明,各组处理西瓜长势均好于对照,死亡率均低于对照,西瓜产量均高于对照。可见,ASD可以用来改良西瓜连作土壤,防治西瓜连作障碍。
[Abstract]:The anaerobic soil sterilization method was used to improve watermelon continuous cropping soil by anaerobic soil disinfestation. The purpose of this study was to explore an effective method of preventing and treating watermelon continuous cropping obstacle by ASD.Laboratory soil samples were collected from watermelon dry fields (one season of watermelon and one season of other dry crops in a year) and paddy fields (one season of watermelon and one season of rice in a year).Each type of soil was divided into 5 groups of treatments: control H _ 1 and S _ 1N _ H represented dry soil and S represented paddy soil.The rice straw powder was added to the inundation control (H3 and S3) and the rice straw powder and sulfur powder were added, and the rice straw powder and ammonia water were added to the rice straw powder and ammonia water and flooded with H5 and S5.Each group was divided into 15 parallel samples.The soil samples of each group were put into plastic bags and mixed with the above method, then water was added, the mouth was sealed, and the soil was cultured in the open air for 20 days.Pot experiment was used to verify the effect of ASD on continuous cropping of watermelon degraded soil.The results showed that the content of NO3--N and so _ 4 ~ (2-) in soil samples decreased significantly (P _ (0.05)), and the soil pH value was higher than that of the control and flooded control, which effectively regulated the soil electrical conductivity, especially Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp.niveum FONs (P0.05).Pot experiment showed that the growth of watermelon in each group was better than that of control, the mortality was lower than that of control, and the yield of watermelon was higher than that of control.It can be seen that ASD can be used to improve watermelon continuous cropping soil and prevent watermelon continuous cropping obstacles.
【作者单位】：蚌埠学院环境科学实验中心;南京师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：蚌埠学院优秀人才项目([2014]182) 安徽省级质量工程项目(2015zy068) 安徽省振兴计划项目(2014zdjy137) 安徽省级大学生创新创业计划项目(201611305073)
【分类号】：S156

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