几种土壤纳米颗粒中粘粒矿物的地带性演化特点

发布时间：2018-04-17 08:21

本文选题：土壤纳米颗粒 + 粘土矿物　；参考：《华中农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：不同地带性土壤纳米颗粒的矿物组成存在很大的差异,研究纳米颗粒的粘粒矿物组成,对揭示土壤的成土过程和演化特点有重要意义。本文以四种不同地带性土壤(砖红壤、红壤、黄褐土和棕壤)B层土壤为研究对象,在分离出土壤中450-2000和100-450 nm的颗粒后,采用纳米粒子超过滤器(AUD)分离其无机纳米颗粒(25-100 nm),采用同步辐射X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对不同粒径的颗粒进行分析,研究不同地带性土壤纳米颗粒的粘粒矿物组成、元素组成、表面特性、形貌特征等,探讨地带性土壤不同粒径颗粒中的矿物类型与组合。以揭示粘粒矿物在土壤纳米颗粒中的地带性转化、明晰土壤成土过程中的物质演化特点。主要结论如下:(1)由北到南,土壤中2:1型粘粒矿物的含量逐渐减少,而1:1型粘粒矿物和铁氧化物的含量逐渐增加,并出现三水铝石。红壤和砖红壤的主要矿物是高岭石,还存在少量的伊利石,砖红壤中还有1.4nm过渡矿物和三水铝石;棕壤和黄褐土的主要矿物是伊利石,还含有蛭石和的高岭石。(2)随着土壤粒径的减小,供试土壤颗粒中粘粒矿物呈现出由2:1型向1:1型转变的趋势。在纳米颗粒中1.4纳米矿物减少,三水铝石和石英消失,砖红壤和红壤的纳米颗粒(25-100nm)主要由高岭石组成。黄褐土和棕壤主要由伊利石组成,同时含有少量高岭石。(3)随着土壤粒径的减小,供试土壤颗粒中Al2O3和Fe2O3含量增加,SiO2含量降低,硅铝率和硅铝铁率下降,铁的游离度均随着粒径的减少先增加后减少。在同一粒径不同土壤颗粒中,砖红壤中Fe2O3的含量比其他土壤更高,而SiO2的则更低。砖红壤和红壤的硅铝率和硅铝铁率比黄褐土和棕壤的低一些。而铁的游离度则相反,砖红壤和红壤铁的游离度比黄褐土和棕壤更高。(4)不同粒径的土壤颗粒具有不同的形态和性质。土壤颗粒主要呈球形、棒形和片状等形状。砖红壤和棕壤的Zeta值先减小后增大,红壤的先增大后减小,黄褐土则是一直增大。同一粒径不同土壤颗粒比较,棕壤和黄褐土的Zeta值低于砖红壤和红壤的。
[Abstract]:Different areas of soil mineral particles there are great differences between the composition of clay minerals, nanoparticles, plays an important role in soil formation and evolution characteristics of soil. This paper reveals into four different zonal soils (latosol, red soil, yellow cinnamon soil and brown soil layer B) as the research object, in the separation out of 450-2000 soil and 100-450 nm particles, using ultra filter nanoparticles (AUD) separation of the inorganic nano particles (25-100 nm), using synchrotron radiation X ray diffraction (XRD) of different size particles were analyzed, the clay minerals of different zonal soil nanoparticles composed of elements. The surface properties, morphology, mineral type and combination of zonal soil particles with different diameters in. In order to reveal the clay minerals in the soil zone in the nanoparticles into clear soil in the process of The evolution of quality characteristics. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) from north to south, the content of 2:1 clay minerals in the soil decreased gradually, while the content of 1:1 clay minerals and iron oxide increased gradually, and the emergence of gibbsite. The main mineral lateritic red soil and is also the presence of a small amount of kaolinite, illite, brick in the red soil and 1.4nm mineral and gibbsite minerals; mainly brown soil and yellow cinnamon soil are illite, vermiculite and kaolinite. Also contains (2) with the decrease of soil particle size and clay mineral soil particles showed a change from 2:1 type to 1:1 type trend. 1.4 reduction in nano nano minerals particles, gibbsite and quartz particles disappear, laterite and red soil (25-100nm) is mainly composed of kaolin. The Yellow Cinnamon Soil and brown soil is mainly composed of illite, kaolinite and small amount. (3) with soil particle size decreases, the soil particles in A Increased l2O3 and Fe2O3 content, decreased the content of SiO2, Si / Al and Si Al Fe decreased, iron free degree increased with the decrease of the particle size increased first and then decreased. In the same soil particles with different particle size, the content of Fe2O3 in the Latosol is higher than other soil, while SiO2 is lower brick. Red soil and red soil of Si / Al and Si Al Fe ratio in yellow cinnamon soil and brown soil is low. And the free degree of iron in Latosol red soil and iron free degree higher than the Yellow Cinnamon Soil and brown soil. (4) the soil particles of different sizes with morphology and properties of different soil particles. Spherical, rod shaped and flake shape. The brick red soil and brown soil Zeta value decreased first and then increased, soil increased first and then decreased, cinnamon soil has been increased. The same size of different soil particles, brown soil and yellow cinnamon soil Zeta value is lower than the brick red soil and red soil.

【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S151

【参考文献】