稻壳生物炭对整治烟田土壤养分及烟叶产质量的影响

发布时间：2018-04-17 15:27

本文选题：生物炭 + 土壤养分　；参考：《中国烟草科学》2016年04期

【摘要】：为探究生物炭施用对整治烟田土壤改良及烟叶产质量的影响,在皖南的烟田整治区,研究了稻壳生物炭不同施用量对土壤养分及烟叶产质量的作用效果。结果表明,稻壳生物炭施用可以降低土壤容重,提高土壤p H及有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾等养分含量。生物炭可以促进烟株生长发育,对烟叶外观产生一定影响,特别是油分指标随生物炭用量增加呈下降趋势。生物炭施用一定程度上降低烟叶总糖及还原糖含量,提高总氮、烟碱及钾含量,其中T2(生物炭7.5 t/hm~2)处理烟叶化学成分协调性较好。同时烟叶感官质量随生物炭施用量增加呈现先增加(不变)后降低趋势,感官评吸得分表现为T1=CKT2T3。烤烟的产量产值均随着生物炭施用量增加而增加,其中T3(生物炭15 t/hm~2)处理最高,产量达1729.2kg/hm~2,产值达到37 516.8元/hm~2,较CK分别提高43.51%和43.48%。但上等烟比例随生物炭用量增加呈先增加后降低趋势。综合土壤养分及烟叶的产质量结果,在皖南烟田整治区,稻壳生物炭的施用量不宜超过7.5 t/hm~2。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effect of biochar application on soil improvement and tobacco yield and quality of tobacco field, the effects of different application rates of rice husk biochar on soil nutrient and tobacco yield and quality were studied in the tobacco field regulation area of southern Anhui province.The results showed that the application of rice husk biochar could reduce soil bulk density and increase soil pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium.Biochar can promote the growth and development of tobacco plants and have a certain effect on the appearance of tobacco leaves, especially the oil content index decreases with the increase of the amount of biochar.The content of total sugar and reducing sugar in tobacco leaves was decreased to some extent by applying biochar, and the contents of total nitrogen, nicotine and potassium were increased. The chemical composition of tobacco leaves treated with T2 (7.5 t / hm ~ (-2)) was better coordinated.At the same time, the sensory quality of tobacco leaves increased (unchanged) and then decreased with the increase of biochar application rate, and the sensory evaluation score was T _ 1 / CK _ T _ 2T _ 3.The yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco increased with the application of biochar, and T3 (15 t / hm ~ (-2)) treatment was the highest, the yield was 1729.2 kg 路hm ~ (-2) 路hm ~ (-2), the output value was 37 516.8 yuan / hm ~ (-2), which was 43.51% and 43.48% higher than CK, respectively.However, the proportion of superior tobacco increased first and then decreased with the increase of biochar amount.According to the results of soil nutrient and yield and quality of tobacco leaf, the application rate of rice husk biochar should not exceed 7.5 t / h ~ (-2) in the tobacco field regulation area of southern Anhui Province.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院烟草研究所农业部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室;上海烟草集团有限责任公司;安徽中烟工业有限责任公司;安徽皖南烟叶有限责任公司;
【基金】：上海烟草集团有限责任公司科技项目“皖南烟区土壤生态维护关键技术研究”(00827) 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“皖南烟区土壤改良关键技术研究与应用”(2013129) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-TRIC06)
【分类号】：S572;S158

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