高分子化合物对盐渍化棉田土壤团聚体组成及棉花产量的影响

发布时间：2018-04-17 15:32

本文选题：棉花 + 高分子化合物　；参考：《南方农业学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：【目的】比较施用不同高分子化合物后盐渍化棉田土壤团聚体及棉花产量的差异,选取适合的高分子化合物用于改良盐渍化棉田及提高棉花产量。【方法】试验在新疆维吾尔自治区石河子146团棉花大田进行,设4个处理,分别为M1(聚丙烯酸盐类处理,K-PAM)、M2(聚丙烯酰胺类处理,PAM)、M3(纤维素类处理,HEC)和对照(不施化合物,CK),于不同生育期采集棉田土壤的团聚体及待测土样,测定土样pH和电导率,并在棉花采收期进行测产。【结果】M1和M2较CK在棉花盛花期和盛铃期均可显著降低不同土层土壤的电导率(P0.05,下同),有效减小盐分毒害,M3在0~20 cm土层较CK的电导率显著升高,在20~40 cm土层表现为显著降低;在棉花盛铃期,M2和M3较CK 20~40cm土层土壤pH显著降低,其余生育期M2较CK对土壤pH无显著影响(P0.05)。高分子化合物施入土壤后改善了盐渍化土壤结构,主要是增加2.000~0.053 mm土壤团聚体含量;3种高分子化合物均可显著提高棉花产量,其中以M1增产效果最好,增产107.4%。【结论】高分子化合物施用后改善了盐渍化土壤结构,提高了棉花产量,其中以聚丙烯酸盐类施用效果最佳,可作为新疆盐渍土棉田土壤改良的优先选择。
[Abstract]:[objective] to compare the differences of soil aggregates and cotton yield in salinized cotton fields with different macromolecular compounds.Suitable polymer compounds were selected for improving salinized cotton fields and increasing cotton yield. [methods] the experiment was conducted in the cotton field of Shihezi 146 regiment in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region.They were M _ 1 (polyacrylamide treatment) and CK _ 3 (Cellulose treatment), respectively. Aggregates and soil samples were collected at different growth stages, pH and conductivity of soil samples were measured.[results] compared with CK, M1 and M2 could significantly decrease the electrical conductivity of soil in different soil layers (P 0.05 and P 0.05), and effectively reduce the salt toxicity of M _ 3 in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer, which was significantly higher than that of CK in 20 cm soil layer, compared with CK in the peak flowering stage and boll stage of cotton, and the results showed that M _ (3) and M _ (2) were significantly lower than those of CK in different soil layers.In the soil layer of 20 ~ 40 cm, the soil pH of M _ 2 and M _ 3 was significantly lower than that of CK 20~40cm at boll stage, while the other growth period had no significant effect on soil pH.The soil structure of salinized soil was improved by adding macromolecule compounds to the soil, mainly increasing the soil aggregate content of 2.000 ~ 0.053 mm. All three kinds of macromolecule compounds could significantly increase cotton yield, among which M1 was the best.[conclusion] the application of polymer compounds can improve the soil structure and cotton yield, and the polyacrylate application is the best, which can be regarded as the first choice for soil improvement in saline soil of Xinjiang.
【作者单位】：石河子大学农学院;
【基金】：国家国际科技合作专项项目(2015DFA11660) 国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC14B030-2) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501406) 石河子大学科研计划项目(ZZZC201619)
【分类号】：S156.4;S562

【相似文献】