土壤微生物—腐殖质—矿物间的胞外电子传递机制研究进展

发布时间：2018-04-19 15:05

本文选题：胞外电子传递 + 微生物　；参考：《土壤学报》2016年02期

【摘要】：微生物胞外电子传递是地球表层系统元素循环与能量交换的重要驱动力。近年来,以微生物—腐殖质—矿物之间电子转移为核心的生物地球化学过程得到重视,拓展了以带电的土壤胶体与离子之间的相互作用为重心的土壤界面过程的内涵,成为地球表层系统物质间相互作用新的关注点,启示我们从化学与生物两个角度重新认识地球表层系统过程。本文从微生物、腐殖质和矿物等要素入手,综述了其地球化学角色与功能,讨论了它们之间的相互关系以及胞外电子传递的途径与方式;从热力学的角度探讨了胞外电子传递过程的能量变化,从动力学的角度探讨了胞外电子传递的传质与速率;介绍了若干胞外电子传递的研究方法;并提出了今后需要重点关注的重要科学问题。
[Abstract]:Extracellular electron transport by microorganisms is an important driving force for element cycling and energy exchange in the Earth's surface system.In recent years, biogeochemical processes with the electron transfer between microorganism, humus and minerals as the core have been paid attention to, and the connotation of the soil interface process with the interaction between charged soil colloids and ions has been expanded.It has become a new focus on the interaction between matter in the Earth's surface system, which enlightens us to re-understand the process of the earth's surface system from the two aspects of chemistry and biology.In this paper, the geochemical roles and functions of microorganisms, humus and minerals are reviewed, and the relationship between them and the ways and means of extracellular electron transport are discussed.The energy change of the extracellular electron transfer process is discussed from the point of view of thermodynamics, the mass transfer and the rate of the extracellular electron transfer are discussed from the kinetic point of view, and some research methods of the extracellular electron transfer are introduced.Some important scientific problems need to be paid more attention to in the future.
【作者单位】：广东省生态环境与土壤研究所;中国科学院广州地球化学研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家杰出青年科学基金项目(41025003) 国家优秀青年科学基金项目(41522105)共同资助~~
【分类号】：S151.9

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