沉水植物与2种不同辅料混合好氧堆肥

发布时间：2018-04-20 02:38

本文选题：沉水植物 + 好氧堆肥　；参考：《环境工程学报》2017年06期

【摘要】：沉水植物富含氮、磷和钾等营养元素,通过堆肥实现营养物质的回收和利用是沉水植物资源化的有效途径。但是沉水植物含水率高、碳氮比低,需要对其进行一定的优化才能实现更好的堆肥效果。本研究采用麦秸、树叶分别作为辅料和沉水植物进行混合好氧堆肥实验,沉水植物好氧堆肥作为控制组。通过测定温度、挥发分、耗氧速率、电导率、种子发芽率(GI)、总氮、总磷和总钾等以评价堆肥产品的腐熟度和养分。结果表明,沉水植物好氧堆肥具有一定可行性,堆肥产品总养分含量为6.01%,符合有机肥使用标准(NY525-2012)中对总养分的要求,具有较好腐熟度,但堆肥产品pH值为8.90,大于标准值8.50,氮素损失率为35.11%;通过分别添加麦秸、树叶与沉水植物混合堆肥,堆肥产品pH值分别为8.33和8.24,氮素损失率分别为20.25%和11.21%;由电导率、GI、碳氮比综合分析3组堆肥产品腐熟度从高到低顺序为沉水植物与树叶沉水植物与麦秸沉水植物。通过添加富碳辅料如麦秸、树叶与沉水植物混合堆肥可以提高堆肥产品腐熟度,减少氮素损失提高肥效。
[Abstract]:Submerged plants are rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The recovery and utilization of nutrients by composting is an effective way for the utilization of submerged plants. But the submerged plants have high moisture content and low C / N ratio, which need to be optimized to achieve better composting effect. In this study, wheat straw, leaves and submerged plants were used as auxiliary materials and submerged plants for mixed aerobic composting experiment, submerged plant aerobic compost as control group. Temperature, volatile, oxygen consumption rate, conductivity, seed germination rate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium were measured to evaluate the maturity and nutrients of compost products. The results showed that aerobic composting of submerged plants was feasible, and the total nutrient content of compost product was 6.01, which met the requirement of total nutrient in the standard of organic fertilizer use (NY525-2012), and had a good degree of decay. However, the pH value of compost product is 8.90, which is higher than the standard value 8.50, and the nitrogen loss rate is 35.110.The compost is mixed with wheat straw, leaves and submerged plants respectively. The pH values of compost products were 8.33 and 8.24, and the nitrogen loss rates were 20.25% and 11.21, respectively. By adding carbon-rich auxiliary materials such as wheat straw, leaf and submerged plant compost, the maturity of compost products can be improved, and nitrogen loss can be reduced to improve fertilizer efficiency.
【作者单位】：北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院工业典型污染物资源化处理北京市重点实验室;万若(北京)环境工程技术有限公司;
【基金】：北京市科委基金项目(D141100001214003)
【分类号】：S141.4;X70

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