干旱区灌区水盐综合调控研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 20:07

本文选题：水盐调控 + 模式评估　；参考：《中国农村水利水电》2017年10期

【摘要】：土壤盐渍化是影响干旱区灌区农业发展的重要因素之一,且地下水过度开采阻碍土壤的脱盐作用,严重危害作物生长甚至导致出现弃耕现象,威胁国家粮食安全。在分析干旱区开都河流域典型灌区水盐特征的基础上,采用基于层次分析法的BP神经网络对不同水盐调控模式进行综合评价。结果表明,增加灌区作物滴灌比例、限制地下水开采量、实行冬灌措施既可以减少地表用水量,保证河流下游生态健康,维持地下水位的年际稳定更可以促进土壤的脱盐作用,降低土壤矿化度,减缓土壤盐渍化进程。研究结果探索出了以"地表-地下水资源统筹配置-土壤盐分控制-灌溉节水"三元一体的土地资源保护、灌溉模式改进和流域水资源开发的综合调控模式,可为干旱区灌区土壤盐渍化防治提供一定的参考依据。
[Abstract]:Soil salinization is one of the important factors that affect the development of agricultural development in arid areas, and overexploitation of groundwater hinders the desalination of soil, seriously endangers the growth of crops and even leads to the occurrence of abandoned ploughing, which threatens the national food security. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of water and salt in the typical irrigation area of the open river basin of the arid region, a hierarchical analysis is adopted. The BP neural network of the method is used to synthetically evaluate different water and salt regulation modes. The results show that increasing the proportion of drip irrigation in the irrigation area and limiting the amount of groundwater exploitation can not only reduce the water consumption of the ground surface, ensure the ecological health of the lower reaches of the river, and maintain the interannual stability of the groundwater level, which can promote the desalination of the soil and reduce the soil. The results of the study have explored the protection of land resources, the improvement of the irrigation mode and the development of water resources in the basin, which can provide some reference for the prevention and control of soil salinization in the irrigated area. According to it.

【作者单位】：中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室;河海大学水文水资源学院;联邦科学与工业研究组织水土研究所;
【基金】：“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0400903) 江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(KYLX16_0739) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2016B40314) 2016年度流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室代表性成果培育课题(2016CG05)
【分类号】：S156.4

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