磺胺二甲嘧啶对沼气发酵过程中酶活性和微生物群落功能多样性的影响

发布时间：2018-04-25 15:37

本文选题：磺胺二甲嘧啶 + 沼气发酵　；参考：《生态与农村环境学报》2017年07期

【摘要】：随着畜禽养殖业的发展,兽用抗生素作为饲料添加剂被广泛应用于畜禽养殖,以促进畜禽生长和防病,导致畜禽粪便和抗生素污染总量增加。为了探讨抗生素对沼气发酵过程的影响,以猪粪和玉米秸秆为原料,研究磺胺二甲嘧啶(SMZ)对沼气发酵过程中脲酶、脱氢酶以及微生物群落代谢的影响。结果表明,在沼气发酵初期(3~6 d),20 mg·kg~(-1)SMZ和60 mg·kg~(-1)SMZ处理(T1、T2处理)对脲酶活性有激活作用,随着发酵时间的延长,SMZ对脲酶活性由促进变为抑制作用。120 mg·kg-1SMZ处理(T3处理)对脱氢酶活性表现为先抑制后促进作用。采用Biolog方法分析SMZ对沼气发酵过程中微生物群落功能多样性的影响,结果表明,T2和T3处理对平均颜色变化率(AWCD)具有先抑制后促进作用。对Shannon指数和Simpson指数分析表明,在沼气发酵的启动期(第6天),SMZ能够显著降低微生物群落的功能多样性和物种丰富度;随着沼气发酵时间的延长,在沼气发酵产气下降期(第35天),SMZ增加了微生物群落的功能多样性和物种丰富度。可见,SMZ对猪粪沼气发酵过程中水解酶活性和微生物群落功能多样性的影响较大,在沼气发酵不同时期,SMZ对水解酶活性和微生物群落多样性的影响也不同。
[Abstract]:With the development of livestock and poultry breeding, animal antibiotics as feed additives are widely used in livestock and poultry breeding to promote the growth of livestock and poultry and disease prevention, resulting in an increase in the total amount of feces and antibiotics pollution. In order to investigate the effect of antibiotics on biogas fermentation, the effects of sulfadimethazine (SMZ) on the metabolism of urease, dehydrogenase and microbial community in biogas fermentation were studied using pig manure and corn straw as raw materials. The results showed that 20 mg kg~(-1)SMZ and 60 mg kg~(-1)SMZ at the beginning of biogas fermentation could activate urease activity. With the increase of fermenting time, the activity of urease was changed from promoting to inhibiting. 120mg kg-1SMZ treatment with T3 treatment showed that the activity of dehydrogenase was inhibited first and then promoted. The effects of SMZ on the functional diversity of microbial communities during biogas fermentation were analyzed by Biolog method. The results showed that the treatment of T _ 2 and T _ 3 could inhibit and then promote the average color change rate. The analysis of Shannon index and Simpson index showed that the functional diversity and species richness of microbial community were significantly decreased at the start-up stage of biogas fermentation (day 6), and with the prolongation of biogas fermentation time, SMZ increased the functional diversity and species richness of microbial communities during the decline period of biogas fermentation gas production (35th day). It can be seen that SMZ has great influence on hydrolase activity and microbial community diversity during biogas fermentation of pig manure, and SMZ has different effects on hydrolase activity and microbial community diversity in different stages of biogas fermentation.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31400442) 辽宁省自然科学基金(2014027012)
【分类号】：S216.4;X713

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