长期施肥条件下潮土有效磷的演变及其对磷盈亏的响应

发布时间：2018-04-25 15:47

本文选题：长期施肥 + 潮土　；参考：《核农学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：为探明土壤有效磷的演变规律与磷平衡状况,在河南潮土区冬小麦-夏玉米轮作制度下,于1998年始在河南省不同区域开展田间定位试验,共设置常规施肥(CF)和不施肥(CK)2个处理,对土壤全磷、速效磷累积和土壤有机质等进行监测和分析。结果表明,长期不施肥,土壤磷素常年处于亏缺状态,有效磷处于耗竭状态;长期施肥即常规施肥,有12个监测点的有效磷随年份显著上升,2个监测点显著下降,其余持平。土壤有效磷的变化量与磷的盈亏量呈极显著正相关(P0.01),不施肥条件下,土壤每亏缺100 kg P·hm-2,土壤有效磷下降2.7 mg·kg-1;常规施肥下,土壤每盈余100 kg P·hm-2,土壤有效磷可以增加1.2 mg·kg-1。土壤有机质含量与有效磷随磷盈亏的变化量呈极显著正相关(P0.01,CF的R2=0.5542,CK的R2=0.4039)。由此可见,通过施肥措施来调控土壤有效磷含量,可达到培肥地力和作物高产的效果。本研究结果为指导磷肥施用以及土壤磷素管理提供了科学依据。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the evolution law of available phosphorus and the status of phosphorus balance, under the winter wheat and summer maize rotation system in the Henan tidal soil region, the field location test was carried out in different regions of Henan province in 1998. 2 treatments were set up in Henan Province, including conventional fertilization (CF) and no fertilizer (CK). The soil total phosphorus, the accumulation of available phosphorus and the soil organic matter were monitored and analyzed. The results showed that the soil phosphorus was in the deficit state for a long time without fertilization, the effective phosphorus was in the exhaustion state, and the long-term fertilization was conventional fertilization, the effective phosphorus of 12 monitoring points increased significantly with the year, the 2 monitoring points decreased significantly and the rest was flat. The change amount of soil available phosphorus was very significant positive correlation with the profit and loss of phosphorus (P0.01), no fertilizer strip. Under the condition of 100 kg P / hm-2, soil effective phosphorus decreased by 2.7 mg. Kg-1. Under conventional fertilization, soil available phosphorus can increase by 100 kg P. Hm-2, soil available phosphorus can be increased by 1.2 mg. Kg-1. soil organic matter content and available phosphorus are very significant positive correlation with the change of phosphorus profit and loss (P0.01, CF). The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the application of phosphate fertilizer and the management of phosphorus in soil.

【作者单位】：甘肃农业大学农学院;河南省土壤肥料站;
【基金】：科技部粮食丰产科技工程项目(2013BAD07B07) 河南省政府与中国科学院合作STS项目(KFJ-SW-STS-142)
【分类号】：S158

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