清水江流域稻植气候适宜度时空变化分析

发布时间：2018-04-26 20:05

本文选题：气候适宜度 + 水稻　；参考：《南方农业学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：【目的】研究贵州省岩溶区清水江流域水稻种植气候适宜度时空变化,为稻植区合理规划布局及可持续发展提供参考依据。【方法】运用清水江流域2000~2014年16个气象观测站的逐日日照、降水量和温度数据及水稻平均物候观测资料,构建水稻诸气候因子及综合气候适宜度模型,并运用ENVI 4.8和Arc GIS 10.0对水稻全育期及各生育阶段的气候适宜度和稻植区分别进行测算、解译和空间分析。【结果】清水江流域稻植气候温度适宜度、降水适宜度和综合适宜度较高,且温度适宜度降水适宜度;除拔节孕穗期和灌浆成熟期外,日照适宜度均较低。水稻幼苗期,降水适宜度温度适宜度日照适宜度;分蘖期和拔节抽穗期,温度适宜度降水适宜度日照适宜度;抽穗开花期和灌浆成熟期,温度适宜度日照适宜度降水适宜度。稻植适宜区分布于高程小于800 m、坡度小于25°的局部区域。【结论】清水江流域气候条件能够满足水稻全育期及各生育阶段的需求,但日照时间较短,对水稻生长发育有胁迫作用,其最适宜稻植区集中分布于东南及西北部的坝区、阳坡和半阳坡区。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the temporal and spatial variation of climate suitability of rice planting in Qingshuijiang Valley, karst area of Guizhou Province. This paper provides a reference for the rational planning, layout and sustainable development of rice planting area. [methods] the daily sunshine, precipitation and temperature data and the average phenological observation data of rice were used in 16 meteorological observation stations in Qingshuijiang River Basin from 2000 to 2014. The climatic factors of rice and the comprehensive climatic suitability model were established, and the climatic suitability and rice planting area were calculated by using ENVI 4.8 and Arc GIS 10.0. [results] the climate temperature suitability, precipitation suitability and comprehensive suitability of rice planting in Qingshuijiang River basin were higher, and the temperature suitability was higher than that of precipitation, except for jointing and ripening stage, sunshine suitability was lower than that in Qingshuijiang river basin. Rice seedling stage, temperature suitability, sunshine suitability, tillering stage and jointing heading stage, temperature suitability, precipitation suitability, heading flowering stage and grain filling maturity stage, temperature suitability, sunshine suitability, precipitation suitability. The suitable area of rice planting is distributed in the local area where the elevation is less than 800 m and the slope is less than 25 掳. [conclusion] the climatic conditions of Qingshuijiang River Basin can meet the needs of rice in the whole fertility period and in each growing stage, but the sunshine time is short. It is most suitable for rice planting area to distribute in the dam area, sunny slope and semi-sunny slope area in the southeast and northwest of China.
【作者单位】：凯里学院旅游学院;
【基金】：贵州省科技合作计划项目(黔科合LH20157758) 贵州人文社科项目(14ZC027) 凯里学院青年基金项目(S1413);凯里学院地理学重点学科项目(KZD2014008)
【分类号】：S162;S511

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