关键发育期干旱及复水过程对春玉米主要生理参数的影响

发布时间：2018-04-28 02:27

本文选题：东北春玉米 + 干旱胁迫　；参考：《应用生态学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：为深入了解玉米在关键发育期干旱条件下的耗水特征及致灾机理,对春玉米‘丹玉39’分别从拔节(T_1)和抽雄(T_2)期开始采用持续无补水方式进行干旱及复水试验,基于对叶和根水势、主要光合变量(净光合速率P_n、蒸腾速率T_r、气孔导度gs、胞间CO2浓度Ci)以及茎流速率(SF)的动态观测,研究各生理参数对干旱及复水过程的响应特征.结果表明:叶、根水势均与土壤湿度呈对数关系,不同时期干旱使二者都减小,对根水势的影响比叶水势提前,与拔节期相比,抽雄期叶水势的干旱响应偏早,根水势偏晚;叶水势在T_1处理复水后能得到恢复,但不能恢复到正常水平,T_2处理不能恢复;T_1处理的根水势对复水的响应比叶水势更快,且更接近于正常水平.P_n和T_r对T_2处理的响应快于T_1处理;复水后二者对T_1处理的恢复速度快于T_2处理,T_1和T_2处理P_n分别超过和达到正常水平,而T_r分别能和不能达到正常水平;T_r对T_1处理的响应早于P_n,二者对T_2处理的响应一致;各处理gs对干旱的响应与P_n一致;T_1处理的Ci与P_n趋势一致,T_2处理相反.各干旱处理SF比对照减小,在晴天比阴天响应明显,SF对T_2处理的响应比T_1处理敏感,在一定干旱水平后响应敏感性减弱;复水后SF比对照明显增大,T_2处理的增幅小于T_1处理.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the characteristics of water consumption and the mechanism of disaster induced by drought in the key developmental period, the dry and rehydration experiments of spring maize 'Danyu 39'were carried out from jointing T1 (T _ 1) and T _ (+) _ (2), respectively, in order to understand the water consumption characteristics and mechanism of maize under drought condition in key developmental period. Based on the dynamic observation of leaf and root water potential, main photosynthetic variables (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration) and stem flow rate, the responses of physiological parameters to drought and rehydration were studied. The results showed that there was logarithmic relationship between leaf and root water potential and soil moisture. Drought reduced both of them in different periods, and the effect on root water potential was earlier than that of leaf water potential. Compared with jointing stage, the drought response of leaf water potential was earlier and root water potential was late in heading stage. Leaf water potential can be recovered after rehydration of T _ (1) treatment, but it can not be restored to normal level. The root water potential of T _ (1) treatment can not be restored to water rehydration, but the root water potential of T _ (T _ 1) treatment is more responsive to rehydration than leaf water potential. And closer to the normal level, the response of the population to the TK2 treatment was faster than that of the TST1 treatment; after the water rehydration, the recovery rate of the TSP 1 treatment was faster than that of the TSP 2 treatment and the T _ 2 treatment P _ n exceeded and reached the normal level, respectively. However, the response of T _ r to T _ S _ 1 treatment is earlier than that of PSP _ n, and the response of T _ (2) to T _ (2) is the same, and the response of each treatment to drought is the same as that of C _ (I) and T _ (2) treatment by P _ n and T _ (1) / T _ (2) / T _ 2 / T _ 2 / T _ 2 / T _ 2 / T _ 2 / T _ 2 / T _ 2 treatments. The response of SF in each drought treatment was lower than that in the control, and the response of SF to T _ 2 treatment was more sensitive than that of T _ S _ 1 treatment on sunny days, and the sensitivity of SF to T _ S _ 2 treatment was weaker than that of T _ (1) treatment after a certain drought level, and the increase of SF was significantly higher than that of T _ T _ 2 treatment after rehydration than that of T _ 1 treatment.
【作者单位】：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所;锦州市生态与农业气象中心;
【基金】：辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划项目(2015060,2014060) 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41305058) 辽宁省气象局博士启动项目(D201504) 辽宁省农业攻关及成果产业化项目(2014210003) 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2016SYIAEZD1)资助~~
【分类号】：S423;S513

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