ABR-功能分区型人工湿地强化TN去除区处理分散养猪废水试验研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 04:42

本文选题：分散养猪废水 + ABR　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：针对农村分散养猪废水高有机物、高氮磷的特点,开发出一种投资低、能耗小、操作管理简单且具有较好脱氮除磷效果的处理工艺具有十分重要的意义。课题组以污染物源分离技术为基础,构建了ABR-功能分区型人工湿地组合处理农村分散养猪废水,出水可达到排放标准。本论文主要研究了ABR及功能分区型人工湿地强化TN去除区的运行特性、影响因素等,分析了人工湿地中氮、磷的迁移转化特性,并采用16S r RNA对微生物群落结构进行解析,最后对湿地的堵塞原因及解决措施进行了分析,主要研究结论如下:(1)以源分离后分散养猪冲洗水作ABR进水,进水COD平均浓度约2000mg/L,容积负荷1.0 kg COD/(m3·d)。间歇运行ABR对COD的去除率为70~80%,出水COD在340~650 mg/L之间。COD和SS均随隔室的推移及反应时间的延长而逐渐降低至稳定,p H和碱度均存在先降低后恢复的过程。进水中的类酪氨酸、类色氨酸和类腐殖酸的荧光强度均沿ABR流程及反应时间的增加呈递减规律。ABR对水力负荷有一定的抗冲击性,但对水质负荷的抗冲击性较差。冬季运行时,ABR对COD的去除率明显下降,平均去除率为65.82%,出水SS也开始升高。(2)湿地具有明显的功能分区,沸石层为硝化区,主要实现氨氮的吸附、生物再生及大部分有机物的吸附截留、部分磷的吸附,砖渣层实现反硝化及TP的吸附。ORP测量结果表明,复氧管强化复氧效果良好。单位沸石层厚度的硝化速率并未随沸石层厚度的增加而降低,表明沸石层厚度仍可适当增加。运行方式、水力负荷、水质负荷、进水次数、温度都会影响湿地的去污能力。经试验,每天进水1次,每次进水1 h,进水量50 L/d、进水COD和氨氮浓度分别为1000、250 mg/L,以潮汐流方式运行时湿地运行效果良好,对COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP平均去除率分别为84.75%、61.66%、56.76%、65.89%。(3)沸石层对COD、NH4+-N、TP可以快速吸附截留,0~15 min去除率最高,随后略有降低。0~15 min沸石层出水NO3--N最大,并随着进水的进行而不断减小。COD、TN、TP、氧化态氮随着砖渣层深度的增加及停留时间的延长而不断去除直至稳定,氨氮在砖渣层几乎无去除。湿地进水中主要有类色氨酸、类腐殖酸及溶解性微生物副产物三类荧光物质,污水流经沸石层和砖渣层后,三类荧光物质均有明显去除。(4)论文对人工湿地中的氮素和磷素的迁移转化途径进行了研究,结果表明:功能分区型人工湿地系统中脱氮的主要途径是硝化反硝化作用,约占85.55%,除磷的主要途径是基质的蓄积作用,约占98.30%。(5)扫描电镜结果表明:沸石及砖渣表面粗糙,适合微生物生长,挂膜后沸石及砖渣表面生物膜致密。16S r RNA测序结果显示:在门水平上,ABR三个隔室污泥中的优势菌均为Firmicutes(厚壁菌门),湿地沸石及砖渣表面的优势菌分别为Proteobacteria(变形菌门)和Firmicutes(厚壁菌门)。低温对人工湿地沸石及砖渣表面的微生物群落结构有明显影响。(6)采用集水管作为湿地的集水系统容易发生集水管堵塞,造成短流,影响系统的稳定性,通过对集水方式进行调整,未再发生堵塞。
[Abstract]:In view of the characteristics of high organic matter and high nitrogen and phosphorus in the scattered pig wastewater in rural areas, it is of great significance to develop a low investment, small energy consumption, simple operation management and good removal of nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency. Based on the separation technology of pollutant source, the ABR- functional subarea constructed wetland combined treatment of rural areas is constructed. This paper mainly studied the operation characteristics of ABR and functional zoning constructed wetland for strengthening TN removal area, influencing factors and so on. This paper analyzed the transfer and transformation characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in artificial wetland, and analyzed the microbial community structure by 16S R RNA. Finally, the cause and solution of the clogging of the wetland were solved. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the average concentration of water intake COD is about 2000mg/L, the volume load is about 2000mg/L and the volume load is 1 kg COD/ (M3. D). The removal rate of the batch operation ABR to COD is 70~80%, and the effluent COD is followed by the compartment and the prolongation of the reaction time. Decrease to stability, P H and alkalinity all have the process of decreasing and recovering first. The fluorescence intensity of class tyrosine, tryptophan and humic acid in the influent are all decreasing along the ABR flow and the increase of reaction time..ABR has certain impact resistance on hydraulic load, but the impact resistance on water quality is poor. ABR to COD in winter. The removal rate was obviously decreased, the average removal rate was 65.82%, and the effluent SS began to rise. (2) the wetland had obvious functional zoning, the zeolite layer was nitrification area, which mainly realized the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen, biological regeneration and the adsorption and interception of most organic matter, the adsorption of partial phosphorus, the results of denitrification and TP adsorption by the brick slag layer showed that the reoxygenation tube was strong. The nitrification rate of the thickness of the unit zeolite layer is not decreased with the increase of the thickness of the boiling stone layer, which indicates that the thickness of the zeolite layer can still be increased properly. The operation mode, the hydraulic load, the water quality load, the number of water and the temperature will affect the decontamination ability of the wetland. After the experiment, the water intake is 1 times a day, the water intake is 1 h, the water intake is 50 L/d, and the influent C The concentration of OD and NH3-N was 1000250 mg/L respectively. The average removal rate of the wetland was 84.75%, 61.66%, 56.76% and 65.89%. (3) to COD, NH4+-N, and TP, respectively. The removal rate of the wetland was 84.75%, 61.66%, 56.76%, and 65.89%. (3), respectively, and the 0~15 min removal rate was the highest. As the influent is carried out,.COD, TN, and TP are continuously reduced, and the oxidation nitrogen is continuously removed and stabilized with the increase of the depth of the brick slag layer and the prolongation of the residence time. The ammonia nitrogen has almost no removal in the brick slag layer. Three kinds of fluorescent substances, such as tryptophan, humic acid and dissolved microbiological by-products, are mainly found in the influent of the wetland, and the sewage flows through the zeolite layer and the wastewater. After the brick slag layer, the three kinds of fluorescent substances were obviously removed. (4) the transfer and transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the constructed wetland was studied. The results showed that the main way of denitrification was nitrification and denitrification, accounting for about 85.55%. The main way of dephosphorization was the accumulation of matrix, which was about 98.30%.. (5) the results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of zeolite and brick slag was rough and suitable for microbial growth. After hanging film, the.16S R RNA sequencing of zeolite and brick slag surface biofilm showed that at the gate level, the dominant bacteria in the three septum sludge were Firmicutes (thick wall fungi), and the dominant bacteria on the surface of wetland zeolite and brick slag were Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria), respectively. Deformable bacteria gate) and Firmicutes (thick wall fungus door). Low temperature has an obvious influence on the microbial community structure on the surface of zeolite and brick slag on artificial wetland. (6) water collecting system with water collecting pipe as a wetland is easy to plug water collection, cause short flow, affect the stability of the system, through the adjustment of water collecting mode, and no more clogging.

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X713

【参考文献】