取代脲类除草剂的微生物降解

发布时间：2018-04-28 12:46

本文选题：取代脲类除草剂 + 降解微生物　；参考：《微生物学通报》2017年08期

【摘要】：取代脲类除草剂主要用来防除一年生禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草,自20世纪中期推入市场以来,在世界范围内被广泛使用,已成为重要的除草剂之一。随着取代脲类除草剂的持续施用,其在环境中的残留严重超标,危害日益凸显。因此,取代脲类除草剂在环境中的吸附、迁移和降解等行为备受关注。研究表明细菌降解N,N-二甲基取代脲类除草剂主要是通过连续脱甲基作用后断脲桥降解,而降解N-甲氧基-N-甲基取代脲类除草剂是通过脲桥的直接断裂。真菌降解取代脲类除草剂的途径则较为复杂,尚需进一步阐明。本文综述了近年来分离筛选的取代脲类除草剂降解菌株及其降解途径的最新研究进展,为取代脲类除草剂污染环境的生物修复研究提供参考。
[Abstract]:Substituted ureas herbicides are mainly used to control annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds. Since they were introduced into the market in the middle of the 20th century, they have been widely used in the world and have become one of the important herbicides. With the continuous application of substituted ureas herbicides, the residues of herbicides in the environment exceed the standard seriously, and the harm becomes more and more serious. Therefore, the adsorption, migration and degradation of substituted ureas herbicides in the environment have attracted much attention. The results showed that the degradation of N-dimethyl-substituted ureas by bacteria was mainly through the continuous demethylation of ureas, but the degradation of N-methoxy-N-methyl-substituted ureas was through the direct rupture of the urea-bridge. The way to degrade ureas herbicides by fungi is more complex, which needs further elucidation. In this paper, the recent advances in the studies on the degradation of substituted ureas herbicides and their degradation pathways were reviewed, which provided a reference for the bioremediation of environmental pollution caused by substituted ureas herbicides.
【作者单位】：江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所;淮阴师范学院江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室;南京农业大学农业部农业环境微生物工程重点开放实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31501657,31300099)~~
【分类号】：X172;X592

【相似文献】