陕北南泥湾湿地农田养分及AM真菌多样性

发布时间：2018-04-28 17:03

  本文选题：湿地 + 农田养分　； 参考：《干旱地区农业研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：研究选取南泥湾湿地6种不同作物类别的农田为样地,并设荒野次生林地为对照,分0~10、10~20cm和20~30 cm土层深度采集土壤样品,测定土壤养分含量,分析丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)真菌多样性及其孢子密度。结果表明:0~30 cm土层范围,土壤有机质含量为7.54~17.23 g·kg~(-1),蔬菜地有机质含量显著高于其它地类;土壤速效氮含量为12.01~27.10 mg·kg~(-1);土壤速效磷的含量为3.08~9.67 mg·kg~(-1),云杉和林地土壤速效磷的含量显著低于其它地类;土壤速效钾含量为98.61~152.51 mg·kg~(-1);南泥湾农田养分含量偏低,尤其缺乏土壤速效氮和土壤速效磷。试验共分离出3属10种AM真菌,其中球囊霉属(Glomus)6种,占60%;无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)3种,占30%;盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)1种,占10%。林地AM真菌物种丰度最大,其次是云杉,水稻地AM真菌物种丰度最小。地球囊霉(G.Geosporum)是优势种类,美丽盾巨孢囊霉(Scu.Calospora)属于偶见种,摩西球囊霉(G.mosseae)只出现在耕作土壤。不同地类孢子密度差异显著,以0~30 cm土层平均值比较:林地土孢子密度(2.24个·g~(-1))云杉幼苗地土孢子密度(2.18个·g~(-1))谷子地土孢子密度(1.46个·g~(-1))玉米地土孢子密度(1.31个·g~(-1))蔬菜土孢子密度(0.76个·g~(-1))水稻土孢子密度(0.73个·g~(-1))黄豆土孢子密度(0.67个·g~(-1))。
[Abstract]:Six different crop types of farmland in Nanniwan Wetland were selected as sample plots and wild secondary forest land as control. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 20 cm and 20 ~ 30 cm depth to determine soil nutrient content. The diversity and spore density of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AMN) fungi were analyzed. The results showed that the soil organic matter content was 7.54 ~ 17.23 g 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) in the soil layer of 30 cm, and the content of organic matter in vegetable land was significantly higher than that in other plots. The content of available nitrogen in soil was 12.01 ~ (-1) ~ 27.10 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1), the content of available phosphorus in soil was 3.08 ~ 9.67 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1), the content of available phosphorus in soil of Picea spruce and forest land was significantly lower than that of other land, the content of available potassium in soil was 98.61 ~ (-1) ~ 152.51 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1), the nutrient content of farmland in Nanmud Bay was low, In particular, soil available nitrogen and soil available phosphorus are lacking. A total of 10 species of AM fungi belonging to 3 genera were isolated, including 6 species of Glomusus (60 species), 3 species of Acaulospora (30 species) and 1 species of Scutellospora (10 species). The abundance of AM fungi in woodland was the highest, followed by Picea spruce, and the abundance of AM fungi in rice was the least. G. Geosporum (G. Geosporum) is a dominant species, Scu.Calospora) is a rare species, and G. mossea (G. mossea) is only found in cultivated soil. There were significant differences in spore density among different species. Comparison of soil spore density (2.24 g / g ~ (-1) spruce seedling soil spore density (2.18 g / g ~ (-1) millet soil spore density (1.46 g / g ~ (-1) soil spore density in cornfield (n = 1.31 g / g ~ (-1) soil spore density (0.76 g / g ~ (-1) soil spore density in wooded soil (2.24 g / g ~ (-1) spruce seedlings) The spore density of soybean soil was 0.73 (0.73).
【作者单位】： 延安大学石油工程与环境工程学院;
【基金】：延安市科技创新团队项目(2015CHTD-04) 延安市科技项目(2014KS-03) 延安大学引导项目(YD2015-14) 国家级大学生创新项目(201510719260)
【分类号】：S154.3;S158
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本文编号：1816130