大庆市水土保持规划

发布时间：2018-05-03 05:10

本文选题：水土保持 + 风蚀沙化　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水土保持是指对自然因素和人为活动造成水土流失所采取的预防和治理措施。人口的增长、社会的发展,使人类与有限的水土资源间的矛盾日益突显,而水土流失进一步加剧这一矛盾,本文选取大庆水土保持规划为课题,研究以下四方面问题:大庆水土流失现状:分析目前全市现有水土流失总面积占土地总面积比例,并按中轻度流失、中度流失、强度流失分析其各占水土流失总面积的的比例。通过风蚀、水蚀、工矿侵蚀面积比较、得出土壤侵蚀类型以风蚀为主,工矿侵蚀主要为油田矿区侵蚀,它是大庆地区土壤侵蚀的一大特点。水土保持规划分区:在前面分析的基础上,以水土流失类型区划分原则,依据水土流失发生发展趋势、发生程度、地貌类型、水土流失危害对象,在综合调查基础上,并参照原有相关工作成果,结合卫星遥感影像图,进行水土流失类型区的划分。综合防治措施规划:根据大庆市水土流失现状及土地利用结构现状,提出防治水土流失的同时,要逐步调整土地利用结构,合理配置水土保持措施,形成较为完备的水土流失防治措施体系。环境影响评价:评价水保工程运行后会对环境产生正面影响,从涵养了水源,改善了水的小循环,为开发利用水土资源创造了条件等方面进行分析。
[Abstract]:Soil and water conservation refers to the measures to prevent and control soil erosion caused by natural factors and human activities. With the increase of population and the development of society, the contradiction between human beings and limited water and soil resources has become increasingly prominent, and the water and soil erosion has further aggravated this contradiction. This paper chooses Daqing soil and Water Conservation Planning as the subject. This paper studies the following four problems: the present situation of soil and water loss in Daqing: analyzing the proportion of the total area of soil and water loss to the total area of land in the whole city at present, and analyzing the proportion of each of them in the total area of soil and water loss according to the medium and slight loss, the moderate loss and the intensity loss. By comparing the area of wind erosion, water erosion and industrial erosion, it is concluded that the main types of soil erosion are wind erosion, and the industrial and mining erosion is mainly oil field erosion, which is a major feature of soil erosion in Daqing area. The zoning of soil and water conservation planning: on the basis of the previous analysis, according to the principle of classification of soil and water loss types, according to the trend of occurrence and development of soil and water loss, the occurrence degree of soil and water loss, the type of geomorphology, the object of soil and water loss hazard, on the basis of comprehensive investigation, According to the original related work results, combined with satellite remote sensing image map, soil erosion type areas are divided. Planning of comprehensive control measures: according to the present situation of soil and water loss and the present situation of land use structure in Daqing City, it is proposed that, while controlling soil and water loss, the structure of land use should be adjusted step by step, and soil and water conservation measures should be rationally allocated. To form a relatively complete system of soil erosion prevention and control measures. Environmental impact assessment: evaluation of soil and water conservation project after operation will have a positive impact on the environment, from the conservation of water sources, improve the small circulation of water, for the development and utilization of water and soil resources to create conditions for analysis.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S157

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