连续施用无害化污泥对沙质潮土土壤肥力和微生物学性质的影响

发布时间：2018-05-05 09:32

本文选题：城市污泥 + 土壤肥力　；参考：《中国土壤与肥料》2017年05期

【摘要】：以小麦-玉米轮作体系下的沙质潮土为研究对象,选用经无害化处理后的城市污泥产物,通过2013~2015年田间定位试验,研究了不同城市污泥施用量对土壤肥力的影响,以期为城市污泥资源化利用提供理论基础和技术依据。设置单施化肥(CK)、CK+污泥15 t·hm~(-2)(CS1)、CK+污泥30 t·hm~(-2)(CS2)和CK+污泥45 t·hm~(-2)(CS3)共4个处理。主要研究结果如下:(1)连续定位试验结果表明,同一施用量污泥处理的土壤p H值随施用时间的增加呈下降趋势;土壤有机质(SOM)和养分含量如全氮(TN)、有效磷(AP)和速效钾(AK)随施用时间的增长呈上升趋势;(2)与CK比较,在2015年玉米季施用污泥各处理的土壤p H值显著降低了0.34~0.83个单位(P0.05),且与污泥施用量呈反比,以高施量污泥45 t·hm~(-2)下降最多;土壤SOM、TN、AP和AK分别显著提高了52.1%~166.9%、77.3%~177.8%、215.7%~486.3%和167.2%~379.0%(P0.05),且与污泥施用量呈正比,以高施量污泥45 t·hm~(-2)效果最显著;(3)试验所用污泥施用量范围内不会造成土壤和植物籽粒重金属污染,能够保持土壤环境健康;(4)与CK比较,施用污泥各处理土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、氮(MBN)含量均显著提高(P0.05),且与污泥施用量呈正比,并且季节不同也显著影响土壤MBC、MBN含量(P0.05);施用污泥能够显著提高土壤MBC/MBN(P0.05),说明施用污泥能够改变土壤微生物群落组成;(5)施用污泥,尤其是高施量污泥45 t·hm~(-2),在保证土壤和植物籽粒质量安全下,其土壤培肥效果最优。
[Abstract]:The effect of different amount of municipal sludge application on soil fertility was studied by field location test from 2013 to 2015, which was conducted on sandy tidal soil under wheat-maize rotation system. In order to provide theoretical and technical basis for the utilization of municipal sludge. A total of 4 treatments were set up in which CK sludge was applied only for 15 t / hm ~ (-1) and CK _ (30 t / hm ~ (-1) and CK ~ (45 t / hm ~ (-1) ~ (2) C _ (3) respectively. The main results were as follows: (1) the results of continuous location test showed that the pH value of soil treated with the same amount of sludge decreased with the increase of application time. Soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TNN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AKK) increased with the application time. In 2015, the soil pH value of sludge treatment decreased significantly by 0.34 ~ 0.83 per unit P _ (0.05), which was inversely proportional to the application rate of sludge, and the highest amount of sludge was 45 t / hm ~ (-2). Soil SOMN, TNAP and AK increased significantly by 52.1% and 166.9%, respectively, and 77.33% and 177.8%, respectively, by 486.3% and 167.2% and 379.0%, respectively, which were in direct proportion to the amount of sludge applied, and the effect of high application amount of sludge was most significant in the range of 45 t hmm-2) the application of sludge did not cause heavy metal pollution in soil and plant grains. Compared with CK, the content of MBCN and MBN of soil microbial biomass increased significantly by applying sludge, and was proportional to the amount of sludge applied. Different seasons also significantly affected the content of MBC / MBN in soil (P 0.05N), and the application of sludge could significantly increase the content of MBC / MBN (P 0.05N), which indicated that the application of sludge could change the composition of soil microbial community. Especially, 45 t / hm ~ (-2) of sludge was applied to ensure the safety of soil and plant grain quality, and the effect of soil fertilization was the best.
【作者单位】：郑州市污水净化有限公司;中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所耕地培育技术国家工程实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(21577172,41501322) 国家国际科技合作专项(2015DFA20790) 国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2013CB127406) 中央级公益性科研院所专项(1610132016043)
【分类号】：S154.3;S158

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