浙江天童常绿阔叶林凋落物产量与气象因子及种群变化间的关联

发布时间：2018-05-05 22:51

本文选题：凋落物量 + 凋落物组分　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：凋落物是生态系统的重要组成部分,探究凋落物产量变化的影响因素对研究森林生态系统的物质循环过程具有重要的科学意义。外部气象因子以及内部种群自身变化被认为是潜在影响凋落物产量影响的两类常见因子,但是,目前基于长期数据的针对性研究仍相对较少。为此,本研究以浙江天童20ha动态监测样地内,2012-2016年(5年120个频次)收集的凋落物数据为基础,分析了 1)凋落物总量及其各组分产量与气象因子变化间的关联;2)2010年与2015年两次调查间凋落物框周围邻体种群数量的变化,对于2012年与2016年凋落叶量(凋落物中最重要的组分)变化的影响。本研究的主要结果如下:(1)187个凋落物框(93.5 m2)5年间共收集凋落物331.94 kg,年平均凋落量为686.84 g·m-2·a-1。其中,叶凋落量占凋落物总量的72%、碎屑凋落量占16%、枝凋落物量占6.4%、繁殖器官凋落物量占3.8%、树皮凋落物量占2%。另外,凋落物总量与叶凋落量的凋落节律较为相似,皆为三峰型,而枝、繁殖器官、树皮凋落量的凋落节律并不明显。以上结果说明凋落叶是凋落物中最为重要的组分。(2)凋落物总量及其各组分产量对不同的气象因子变化的响应形式及程度不同。凋落物总量和叶凋落量受半月平均气温的正影响;枝凋落量受半月最低气温、半月平均降水量和10min平均风速的正影响;树皮凋落量受1h极大风速、半月平均降水量和半月最低气温的正影响;繁殖器官凋落量受半月平均气温和1h极大风速的正影响。以上结果说明,气温是影响凋落物总量以及各组分产量的重要的气象因子。由于凋落物总量和叶凋落量仅受气温的影响,加之气温变化具有十分明显的节律性,因此,凋落物总量与叶凋落量的凋落节律较为明显。而枝,树皮和繁殖器官凋落量受气温影响的同时,也受到风速和降雨量的影响,此两种气象因子变化的随机性相对较大,因此枝,树皮和繁殖器官凋落量的节律性相对并不明显。另外,由于常绿和落叶树种的叶凋落节律具有较大差异,因此,两种生活型树种的叶凋落量受不同气象因子的影响。常绿树种的叶凋落量受半月平均气温的正影响;落叶树种受半月平均降水量的正影响。(3)2015年与2010年相比,样地凋落物框周围部分常绿树种的种群数量和生物量都出现了明显的增加,其中,增加明显的常绿树种,其凋落叶产量受种群增长的影响也显著增加。然而,落叶树种种群数量和生物量的变化对同种凋落叶产量的影响不显著。另外,种群数量和生物量增加较少,以及减少的物种,其种群数量和生物量的变化对凋落叶产量的影响也不显著。以上结果说明,在常绿树种中,种群的增长,会导致其凋落叶产量也随之增加。综上所述,在天童常绿阔叶林中,总凋落物量及叶凋落量受外部气温的影响,从而具有十分明显的凋落节律。而对种群生物量增长较快的常绿树种,其叶凋落量在年际间也会显著增加。因此,凋落物产量可能受到外部气象因子和内部种群变化的共同影响。
[Abstract]:Litter is an important part of the ecosystem. It is of great scientific significance to explore the influence factors of litter production changes to the study of the material circulation process in the forest ecosystem. External meteorological factors and internal population changes are considered to be the two common factors that potentially affect the yield of litter. The pertinence of long-term data is still relatively small. Therefore, based on the litter data collected in 2012-2016 years (5 years and 120 frequencies) in the dynamic monitoring sample of Zhejiang Tiantong, this study is based on the analysis of the total litter size and the correlation between the yield of each component and the change of the meteorological factors, and 2) the litter box week between 2010 and 2015 two surveys. The changes in the number of adjacent populations, the main results of this study were as follows: (1) 187 litter boxes (93.5 m2) collected litter 331.94 kg during 5 years, and the average annual litter amount was 686.84 G. M-2. A-1., and the leaf litter accounted for 72% of the total litter. The litter amount accounted for 16%, the litter amount accounted for 6.4%, the litter volume of the reproductive organs accounted for 3.8%, the litter size of the bark accounted for 2%., and the litter size was similar to that of the leaf litter, all of which were three peaks, while the branches, reproductive organs and the litter fall rhythm of the bark were not obvious. The above results indicate that litter is the most important litter in the litter. (2) the total amount of litter and the yield of the litter are different in response form and degree to different meteorological factors. The total amount of litter and the leaf litter are affected by the average temperature of the half moon; the branch litter is affected by the minimum temperature of the half moon, the average precipitation of the half moon and the average wind speed of the 10min; the bark litter is affected by the maximum wind speed of 1H, half a month. The mean precipitation and the positive influence of the minimum temperature of the half month; the litter size of the reproductive organs is affected by the average temperature of the half moon and the maximum wind speed of 1H. The above results show that the temperature is an important meteorological factor affecting the total amount of litter and the yield of each component. As the total amount of litter and the Ye Diaoluo amount are only affected by the temperature, and the temperature changes have a change. It is obvious rhythmicity, so the litterfall rhythm of litter and leaf litter is more obvious. While branches, bark and reproductive organs fall under the influence of air temperature, it is also influenced by wind speed and rainfall, and the randomness of these two kinds of meteorological factors is relatively large, so the rhythm of the litter of branches, bark and reproductive organs is relative relative. It is not obvious. In addition, the leaf litter of the evergreen and deciduous tree species is greatly different. Therefore, the leaf litter of two species of living species is affected by different meteorological factors. The leaf litter of evergreen species is positively affected by the average temperature of the half moon; the deciduous trees are affected by the average precipitation of the half moon. (3) compared with the year of 2015 and 2010, the leaf litter of the evergreen tree species was positively affected. The population and biomass of some evergreen trees around the litter frame increased significantly. Among them, the increase of the apparent evergreen tree species was significantly increased by the population growth. However, the changes in the population and biomass of deciduous tree species had no significant effect on the leaf yield of the same species. In the evergreen species, the growth of the population will lead to the increase in the yield of the litters in the evergreen tree species, and the total litter and leaf litter in the evergreen broad-leaved forest. With the influence of the external temperature, it has a very obvious decay rhythm, and the leaf litter of the evergreen species, which has a fast growth of the population biomass, also increases significantly in the interannual. Therefore, the yield of litter may be influenced by the changes of external meteorological factors and internal population.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S714

【参考文献】