哈尔滨市耕地集约利用时空变化特征分析

发布时间：2018-05-07 09:39

本文选题：耕地集约利用 + 时空变化特征　；参考：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：耕地集约利用是在合理分配耕地资源的基础上,通过提高单位耕地的资源投入量,充分挖掘耕地生产潜力,在有限的耕地资源上达到最大化的产出效益,从而提高耕地的利用程度,实现社会经济发展和资源可持续利用的一种土地利用方式。哈尔滨市是黑龙江省重要的省会城市,粮食总产量直接影响着黑龙江省粮食水平,对哈尔滨市耕地进行时间序列和空间差异性分析,掌握其时间动态变化规律和空间分布差异,有助于促进哈尔滨市耕地集约程度,保护耕地资源。耕地集约利用研究对哈尔滨市耕地利用提供参考,从根本上分析耕地利用效益和持续状况,为其以后发展提供依据。本文选取哈尔滨市为研究区,在分析耕地集约利用相关理论的基础上,分析哈尔滨市耕地分布和用地类型,了解研究区土地利用现状,综合国内外以往的研究,建立评价指标体系,从以下四个方面进行分析:投入强度、利用程度、利用效益和持续状况,对研究区耕地集约利用水平进行评价,运用综合评价模型,分析2003-2012年时间序列上耕地集约利用程度变化规律,基于Arc GIS分析2012年哈尔滨市区及10市县耕地集约利用程度差异性。研究结果表明:(1)研究区2003-2012年耕地集约利用准则层各项指标时间动态变化:投入强度指标总提成提高趋势,增幅明显,年均增幅0.97%利用程度在2003-2012年10年间呈现先增长后减少状态,且波动幅度较大,年均增幅1.35%;利用效益在2003-2013年10年间呈稳步提高态势,且波动幅度最大,年均增幅2.28%;持续状况有增有减,总体呈上升趋势(2)耕地集约利用程度2003-2012年在时间序列上分析结果显示:哈尔滨市耕地集约利用呈波动增长趋势,耕地集约度受各项因素影响,呈波动性增长趋势,具体分为以下三个阶段:2003-2006年这四年耕地集约水平提高幅度较大且相对较稳定;2007-2009年这三年其耕地集约度变化较明显,主要呈提高趋势;2010-2012年政府对耕地资源重视提高,促使耕地集约度大量提升。(3)哈尔滨市区及10市县耕地集约水平空间分布状况,就投入强度而言,方正县和木兰县较高,全市普遍较低且比较均匀;全市耕地利用程度相对较高且相对差异性较小,其中哈尔滨市区最大,值为0.67;全市耕地利用效益较高,但区域内差异化较大,双城市最大为0.851,宾县最小为0.198,差值为0.65;就耕地持续状况而言,依兰县、延寿县和通河县3个的持续状况明显高于其他地区(4)哈尔滨市耕地集约利用空间差异性分析,哈尔滨市耕地集约利用水平以依兰县水平最高,宾县、木兰县和延寿县集约度相对较低,其中宾县最低,总体上东北地区集约度相对较高,全市耕地集约利用空间差异性明显,基于GIS分等可分为三个层次:高效集约:哈尔滨市、依兰县、通河县、方正县和双城市,这类地区为集约利用水平较高;一般集约:巴彦县、木兰县、延寿县、五常市和尚志市,这类地区为集约利用水平一般;不集约:宾县,这类地区集约利用水平相对较低。
[Abstract]:Intensive use of cultivated land is a kind of land use side, on the basis of rational allocation of cultivated land resources, by improving the resource input of the cultivated land, fully excavating the potential of cultivated land, maximizing the output benefit on the limited cultivated land, and thus improving the utilization of cultivated land and realizing the social and economic development and the sustainable utilization of resources. Harbin is an important provincial capital city in Heilongjiang province. The total grain output directly affects the grain level of Heilongjiang province. The time series and spatial difference analysis of the cultivated land in Harbin can be used to master the dynamic change law of the time and the difference of spatial distribution, which will help to promote the intensive degree of cultivated land in Harbin and protect the cultivated land resources. Intensive use study provides reference for the utilization of cultivated land in Harbin, analyses the efficiency and sustainability of cultivated land utilization and provides a basis for its future development. This paper selects Harbin as the research area, analyses the distribution of cultivated land and land types in Harbin on the basis of the analysis of the intensive use of cultivated land, and understands the land of the research area. Using the status quo, combining the previous research at home and abroad, establishing the evaluation index system, from the following four aspects: input intensity, utilization degree, utilization efficiency and continuous status, evaluate the intensive use level of cultivated land in the study area, and use the comprehensive evaluation model to analyze the change of intensive use of cultivated land on the 2003-2012 year time series. Law, based on Arc GIS analysis of the difference of intensive use of cultivated land in Harbin city and 10 cities and counties in 2012. The results showed that: (1) the time dynamic changes of the indexes of the intensive use standard layer of cultivated land for 2003-2012 years in the study area: the total increase of input intensity index increased obviously, and the average annual increase of 0.97% utilization was in the 10 years of 2003-2012 years. At present, the state is reduced, and the fluctuation range is large, the annual average increase is 1.35%; the benefit is steadily increasing in 2003-2013 years and 10 years, and the fluctuation amplitude is the largest, the annual average increase is 2.28%; the continuous state has increased and reduced, the overall increase trend is (2) the cultivated land intensive use range of 2003-2012 years in the time series analysis results show that Harbin City The intensive use of cultivated land is fluctuating, and the intensity of cultivated land is influenced by various factors, showing a trend of fluctuating growth, which is divided into three stages. In the 2003-2006 years, the intensification level of cultivated land is greatly increased and relatively stable in four years. In the three year of 2007-2009 years, the change of cultivated land intensivism is obvious, which is mainly in the 2010-2012 year. The government attaches great importance to the improvement of cultivated land resources and promotes a large amount of cultivated land intensification. (3) the spatial distribution of cultivated land intensive level in Harbin city and 10 cities and counties, as far as the intensity of investment is concerned, fangzheng county and Mulan county are higher, and the whole city is relatively low and relatively uniform; the utilization of cultivated land in the city is relatively high and relatively small, among which Harbin city is relatively small. The area is the largest, the value is 0.67; the utilization efficiency of the arable land is high, but the difference in the area is larger, the largest in Shuangcheng is 0.851, the minimum of the Bin county is 0.198, the difference is 0.65. In terms of the sustainable cultivated land, the 3 sustainable conditions of Yilan County, yyshou county and Tonghe county are obviously higher than that of the other regions (4) the spatial difference analysis of cultivated land intensive use in Harbin. The intensive utilization level of arable land is the highest in Yilan County, and the intensive degree of Binxian County, Mulan county and yyshou county is relatively low, which is the lowest in Binxian county. In general, the intensive degree of northeast area is relatively high. The spatial difference of intensive use of cultivated land in the whole city is distinct, based on GIS classification, it can be divided into three levels: high efficiency and intensive: Harbin, Yilan county and Tonghe county. Fangzheng county and Shuangcheng City, this kind of area for intensive use level is high; general intensive: Bayan County, Mulan County, Yanshou County, Wuchang City and Shangzhi City, these areas are intensive use level generally; not intensive: Bin County, this type of area intensive use level relatively low.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.211

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