黄土高原大南沟小流域土壤养分空间分异特征

发布时间：2018-05-08 04:32

本文选题：大南沟流域 + 土壤养分　；参考：《北京师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2016年04期

【摘要】：本文利用地统计学空间插值分析了陕西安塞县大南沟流域内土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾6种土壤养分的空间分布特征.结果表明:流域内土壤养分含量普遍较低,质量分数平均值分别是:有机质0.964%,全氮0.506g·kg-1,全磷0.609g·kg-1,碱解氮41.295mg·kg-1,速效磷2.009mg·kg-1,速效钾138.506mg·kg-1.各养分空间分布模型:全磷符合指数模型,速效磷和碱解氮符合球状模型,速效钾符合高斯模型,其变程由大到小依次是全磷(870m)、速效磷(724m)、速效钾(207m)、碱解氮(105m).各养分空间分布由高到低总体表现为林地、果园、荒草地、退耕地、农地,坡下部高于坡上部.由于氮素易于淋溶损失,且受人工施肥影响严重,在分布上有连片特征;磷素受母质控制,存在状态稳定,所以空间变异较小;速效钾也易淋溶损失,且与植被类型有较强关系.研究为优化大南沟流域的土地利用模式,从根本上遏制以水土流失为代表的生态环境退化提供科学依据.
[Abstract]:The spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in Dananggou watershed of Ansai County, Shaanxi Province were analyzed by geostatistics spatial interpolation. The results showed that the content of soil nutrients in the watershed was generally low, with the average mass fraction of organic matter 0.964, total nitrogen 0.506g kg -1, total phosphorus 0.609g kg -1, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen 41.295mg kg-1, available phosphorus 2.009mg kg-1 and available potassium 138.506mg kg-1. Each nutrient spatial distribution model: total phosphorus accords with exponential model, available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen accord with spherical model, available potassium accords with Gao Si model, its variation range from large to small is 870 mL of total phosphorus, 724mg of available phosphorus, 207mU of available potassium, 105mU of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen. The spatial distribution of nutrients from high to low showed forest land orchards wasteland farmland farmland and the lower part of slope was higher than the upper part of the slope. Because nitrogen is easy to be lost by leaching and affected by artificial fertilization, it has the characteristics of continuous distribution; phosphorus is controlled by parent material and has stable state, so the spatial variation is small; available potassium is also easy to be lost by leaching. And there is a strong relationship with vegetation type. The study provides a scientific basis for optimizing the land use pattern of the Danangou watershed and fundamentally curbing the degradation of the ecological environment represented by soil and water loss.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30970503,41171152);国家自然科学基金重大课题资助项目(41390462)
【分类号】：S158

【参考文献】