不同地理来源球孢白僵菌遗传多样性分析

发布时间：2018-05-08 19:30

本文选题：球孢白僵菌 + 遗传多样性　；参考：《哈尔滨师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)是一种重要虫生真菌,地理分布极广,已被广泛开发用于多种农林害虫防治。由于寄主种类繁多,因此种群结构也十分复杂。为研究中国及其他国家球孢白僵菌的种群遗传特征,本论文采用ITS序列分析和ISSR分子标记技术两种方法对国内外不同地理来源球孢白僵菌进行遗传多样性和种群遗传结构分析。将在中国11个省及法国等3个国家采集分离的90株球孢白僵菌按省份和国家划分成14个类群进行研究。又针对吉林省采集分离的菌株细划分为9个不同地理来源类群,以及按照寄主化性类型的不同划分为3个类群。本研究获得以下结果:1.ITS序列分析:供试球孢白僵菌菌株通过ITS-PCR反应,构建系统发育树分析,表明供试菌株的亲缘关系同地理来源无相关性。2.ISSR引物的多态性分析:10个引物共扩增得到90个清晰的位点,引物的多态位点百分率(PPL)均为100%,说明ISSR分子标记技术是适合用于分析球孢白僵菌种群遗传多样性的方法。3.遗传多样性分析:供试球孢白僵菌种群的PPL为100%,Nei基因多样性指数(He)为0.3253,Shannon信息指数(Is)为0.4930。各类群的遗传多样性指标差异较大,其中吉林、山东地区两类群的PPL和遗传多样性指数最高,辽宁地区类群的PPL和两个遗传多样性指数均为最低。而吉林省各类群中,榆树地区类群和玉米螟一代区类群的遗传多样性指数最高,双辽地区类群和玉米螟一代兼二代区类群的遗传多样性指数和PPL最低。4.各类群间的遗传分化:不同地理来源各类群的遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.6909,基因流(Nm)为0.2236。辽宁-湖北两类群间的遗传分化系数最高。吉林省内部,双辽-通化两类群间的遗传分化系数最高;随着玉米螟化性类型由一代过渡到二代,遗传分化系数逐渐增大。该结果说明,球孢白僵菌各类群的遗传分化程度同地理位置无关,吉林省白僵菌菌株的遗传分化同寄主玉米螟化性类型有关。5.遗传距离:不同地理来源各类群的遗传距离在0.0464~0.5267之间,河北-广东两类群间的遗传距离最大。吉林省各白僵菌类群中,梨树-通化两类群间以及一代区类群和二代区类群间的遗传距离最大。该结果同样说明,球孢白僵菌各类群的遗传距离同地理距离无关;吉林省白僵菌菌株的遗传距离同寄主玉米螟化性类型存在相关性。6.聚类分析:不同地理来源白僵菌类群的聚类图表明,各类群白僵菌的分布不存在地理相关性。综上所述可得出结论,不同地理来源供试白僵菌菌株的遗传多样性同地理距离无明显关系。吉林省不同地理来源供试白僵菌菌株的遗传多样性同地理距离无关,同寄主亚洲玉米螟化性类型存在相关性。
[Abstract]:Beauveria bassiana (Beauveria bassiana), a kind of important insecticidal fungi, has been widely used in agricultural and forestry pest control. Because of the variety of host species, the population structure is also very complex. In order to study the population genetic characteristics of Beauveria bassiana in China and other countries, the genetic diversity and population structure of Beauveria bassiana from different geographical sources at home and abroad were analyzed by ITS sequence analysis and ISSR molecular marker technique. Ninety strains of Beauveria bassiana collected from 11 provinces of China and 3 countries including France were divided into 14 groups according to provinces and countries. The strains collected and isolated from Jilin Province were further divided into 9 groups from different geographical sources and 3 groups according to their host types. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Its sequence analysis: the phylogenetic tree was constructed by ITS-PCR reaction of Beauveria bassiana strain. 2. Polymorphism analysis of ISSR primers: 90 clear loci were obtained by amplification of 10 primers. The percentage of polymorphic loci of primers was 100, indicating that ISSR molecular marker technique was suitable for the analysis of genetic diversity of Beauveria bassiana population. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the PPL of Beauveria bassiana population was 0.3253 and the PPL was 0.4930. The genetic diversity indexes of different populations were different, and the PPL and genetic diversity index of Jilin and Shandong populations were the highest, while the PPL and two genetic diversity indices of Liaoning population were the lowest. The genetic diversity index of elm region and maize borer group was the highest, and the genetic diversity index and PPL of Shuangliao region and maize borer population were the lowest. Genetic differentiation among different populations: the coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst1) and gene flow (Nm) were 0.6909 and 0.2236 respectively. The coefficient of genetic differentiation between Liaoning and Hubei was the highest. In Jilin Province, the genetic differentiation coefficient between Shuangliao and Tonghua populations was the highest, and the genetic differentiation coefficient gradually increased with the transition from the first generation to the second generation. The results showed that the degree of genetic differentiation of various groups of Beauveria bassiana was not related to geographical location, and the genetic differentiation of Beauveria bassiana strains in Jilin Province was related to the type of host corn borer. Genetic distance: the genetic distance of various groups from different geographical sources was between 0.0464 and 0.5267, and the genetic distance between Hebei and Guangdong was the largest. Among the groups of Beauveria bassiana in Jilin Province, the genetic distance between the two groups of pear tree and Tonghua, and between the first generation and the second generation was the largest. The results also showed that the genetic distance of various groups of Beauveria bassiana was not related to geographical distance, and the genetic distance of Beauveria bassiana strains in Jilin Province was related to the type of host corn borer. Cluster analysis showed that the distribution of Beauveria bassiana from different geographical sources had no geographical correlation. In conclusion, the genetic diversity of Beauveria bassiana strains from different geographical sources has no obvious relationship with geographical distance. The genetic diversity of Beauveria bassiana strains from different geographical sources in Jilin Province was not related to geographical distance, but to the host type of Asian corn borer.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S476.12

【参考文献】