植物根—土复合体原位剪切试验装置的设计

发布时间：2018-05-09 06:17

本文选题：植物 + 根—土复合体　；参考：《内蒙古农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来在防风固沙、固土护坡、保持水土、防治土壤侵蚀方面,植物固土措施已成为重要手段。针对植物根-土复合体,室内剪切试验时存在土体振动等问题；现场剪切试验时存在试验周期过长、植物生长情况不够真实、试验操作较为复杂、拉拽速度不均匀等问题。为了在野外现场进行原位试验,使试验结果更接近实际情况,本课题对其进行了研究。主要研究内容如下：1、基于原位剪切的原则,对试验方案进行了改进,采用一种植物根一土复合体原位剪切试验的方式,并设计一种植物根—土复合体原位剪切试验装置(简称剪切装置),采用电动拉杆带动专用卡具进行剪切,通过数据采集系统测出剪应力与剪切位移；2、基于SolidWorks软件完成剪切装置的设计,并用Ansys Workbench和proteus软件对剪切装置进行受力分析和电路仿真,制造出剪切装置。剪切装置主要由机架、固定卡具、滑动机构、拉拽机构和数据采集系统等组成；3、对剪切装置进行了空载拉拽试验和野外试验。试验结果表明：该剪切装置可一次性完成根—土复合体的剪切,数据的读取、采集、记录等多道工序,得到力—位移关系曲线,满足使用要求;同时,为植物根—土复合体原位剪切试验装置的进一步改进提出了建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, plant soil consolidation measures have become an important means of preventing wind and sand, soil and slope protection, soil and water conservation and soil erosion control. In view of the problems such as the vibration of soil in the laboratory shear test, the long period of the field shear test, the fact that the growth of the plant is not real, the operation of the test is more complicated, and the pulling speed is not uniform. In order to carry out in situ test in the field and make the test results more close to the actual situation, the subject is studied in this paper. The main contents of this study are as follows: 1. Based on the principle of in-situ shear, the experimental scheme was improved, and a method of in-situ shear test of plant root-soil complex was adopted. A kind of in-situ shear test device for plant root-soil complex (abbreviated as shearing device) was designed. The electric pull rod was used to drive the special clamping device for shearing. The shear stress and shear displacement are measured by data acquisition system, and the shear device is designed based on SolidWorks software. The shear device is fabricated by using Ansys Workbench and proteus software to analyze the force and simulate the circuit of the shear device. The shear device is mainly composed of frame, fixed clamp, sliding mechanism, pulling mechanism and data acquisition system, etc. The no-load pulling test and field test are carried out on the shear device. The experimental results show that the shear device can complete the cutting of root-soil complex at one time, read, collect and record the data, and obtain the curve of force-displacement relation, which can meet the requirements of application, at the same time, Suggestions for further improvement of in situ shear test equipment for plant root-soil complex are proposed.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S157.43

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